Evaluation On The Fairness Of Public Service Facilities Space In Wuhan Under The Concept Of Green Transportation

Urban public service facilities can provide essential resources and services for the survival and development of the public.Whether the layout of public service facilities is reasonable relates to the level of urban public service;relates to the government is fair and efficient allocation of public resources;relates to the coordinated development of urban social and economic fairness.However,the contradiction between supply and demand and distribution of urban public service resources is prominent in China.In order to solve this problem,make each citizen can obtain relatively fair public resources,thus improve the overall public service level of the city and promote social equity development,we should do equity research on urban public service facilities.This paper takes the public service facilities in the main urban area of Wuhan city as the research object.Relying on the connotation of fairness,based on the green public transport network system,this paper use the GIS spatial analysis method to make a comprehensive and scientific evaluation of the spatial fairness of public service facilities.And putting forward relevant Suggestions from the aspects of layout of different kinds of public facilities and overall configuration of public service facilities,it can be a theoretical supplement to the current qualitative and quantitative research on fairness,at the same time for the government departments to formulate public policy to provide certain reference basis and technical supports.This paper taking Wuhan city as study area,combining with the research purpose and research literature analysis of the connotation of the equality of space,from the perspective of geography and economics to build the urban public service facilities space fairness evaluation the research framework of system,and based on the concept of "people-oriented",choose the green transportation way,set up a "subway-bus-walk" multi-level green public transport ne twork system.Through kernel density estimation principle,we can draw a conclusion of public facilities' spatial distribution pattern,to analyze the regional distribution of public service facilities.The Gini coefficient and lorentz curve method are introduced to evaluate the overall social equity of public service facilities so as to judge the spatial matching degree between public service facilities and population distribution.The improved gravitational potential model is used to measure the accessibility of public service facilities to reveal the differences in fairness between different spatial units,for the purpose of measuring the degree of social equity.By analyzing the coupling mechanism between the spatial distribution of public service facilities and the economic level,an economic development index evaluation system was constructed to measure the economicdevelopment index,and conduct the qualitative analysis of the coupling relationship between them,a result of spatial coupling type classification is obtained.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The spatial distribution pattern of hot spots of public service facilities:The overall distribution of medical facilities is unbalanced;the hot spots are concentrated in dicyclic region.Moreover,it presents a pattern of gradual diffusion to surrounding areas with multiple points as the center;the basic educational facilities take the Yangtze river and the Han river as the axis and gradually spread to the surrounding areas;the park green space mainly presents the spatial distribution rule of "along the Yangtze river and east lake";the distribution of commercial facilities is relatively uniform,showing a "multi-center" distribution pattern.(2)The Overall evaluation results of social equity of public service facilities:The distribution of park green space and commercial facilities in the population is relatively balanced;As for medical facilities,is relatively reasonable,and the distribution of basic education facilities in different populations is in a state of great disparity.The specific matching condition between the distribution of public service resources and the distribution of permanent residents: the regional distribution of park green space and commercial resources are consistent with the population distribution;there are still some differences in the distribution of medical service resources among the urban residents;however,there is a serious "spatial mismatch" between the geographical distribution of educational resources and the population distribution.(3)Accessibility level distribution pattern of public service facilities : The accessibility of medical facilities shows a major pattern of gradual decrease from center to edge;the accessibility of educational facilities shows obvious differentiation with the second ring road as the boundary,and the fairness of medical facilities layout outside the second ring road is relatively deficient;the accessibility level of park green space presents a distribution pattern that gradually decreases from the two centers of "one ring along the river" and "along the east lake" to the every sides,and the distribution characteristics of “north high and south low” also be shown;the accessibility of commercial facilities presents a spatial distribution pattern with "Hankou-Wuchang-Guanggu" as the axis and gradually decreasing outward on the whole.The comprehensive level of accessibility of public service facilities is good,and there is no great difference in the level of accessibility.It shows that the public service facilities have good spatial fairness as a whole.In the distribution pattern,it presents the overall characteristics of "middle high-surrounding low" and "southeast,northwe st high;southwest,northeast low".(4)The spatial performance equity status of public service facilities:Hanyan g district,Qingshan district and Hongshan district are of low level coupling type,it shows that public service facilities have a certain degree of effectivene ss equity in space;the high level coordination between Jianghan district and Wuchang district shows good fairness in public service facility space performan ce;Wuhan economic and technological development zone and East-lake new technology development zone belong to the type of lagging facilities,their distr-ibution of public services is less equitable;the Jianghan district,Qiaokou district and the East-lake ecological tourism scenic area belongs to the facilities of leading,it shows that spatial economic performance of public service facilities lacks fairness.(5)Suggestions on the layout of public service facilities and development countermeasures:(1)For the layout of public service facilities: Public facilities benefiting people's livelihood should be strengthened in areas where social equity is relatively low.for example,the main city fringe area,east of Qingshan district,south of Hongshan district and through opens the area and so on.(2)As for Regional public policy: High level coordinated areas should focus on the development of green transportation,which can improve the accessibility of public facilities within and outside the region;Low level coupling areas should further improve public facilities to promote industrial transformation and upgrading;Areas with lagging facilities need to speed up the construction of public services and public transport facilities,to make "person-industry-city" develops harmoniously;Areas with advanced facilities should make full use of public resources to develop modern service industries.