The Influence And Empirical Study Of Rural Hollowing On Moderate Scale Management Of Agriculture

The agricultural issue has always been a hot topic for people,and achieving moderate scale management is the realistic need and inevitable trend of China’s agricultural development.From the perspective of history and social changes,scholars have extensively discussed the connotation,measurement standards and realization paths of moderate scale operation of agriculture,and regarded moderate scale operation as an important measure to improve the utilization rate of agricultural land and develop the potential of agricultural land resources.Its positive effects on farmers’ income increase and agricultural efficiency have been proved by theory and practice.However,most of the research is quantitative research on the moderate scale operation of agriculture from the theoretical and practical levels.Most of them are at the county or village level.There are few surveys on a moderate scale of operation for a specific type of phenomenon(such as hollowing out).And the relationship between rural hollowing and agricultural scale management is rarely considered from the perspective of farmers.Therefore,it is very necessary to combine theory with empirical evidence to explore the moderate scale operation of agriculture.What types of agricultural operations can be classified in the context of hollowing out? What is the actual state of agricultural management? How to empirically measure the relationship between rural hollowing out and agricultural scale management? What are the influencing factors of the moderate scale of different agricultural management types? And what are the development paths for moderately-scale agricultural operations? In view of this,this study divides the different types of agricultural management based on the connotation and causes of rural hollowing out,and takes Gulang county as an example to theoretically analyze and empirically measure the relationship between rural hollowing and agricultural scale management,and explore different agriculture.Moderate scale impact factors of the type.According to the advantages of agricultural management,the development path of moderate scale operation of agriculture is proposed.Now I have the following conclusions:(1)Under the objective reality of rural hollowing out,the agricultural management methods are different due to the influence of farmers’ family status,economic income and external environment,and the types of agricultural operations are classified into profit-based,guaranteed and recreational agriculture.According to the survey data,Gulang County’s agricultural management is mostly protected agriculture,followed by profit-oriented agriculture,while recreational agriculture accounts for less.(2)Rural hollowing out includes population,economy,agricultural land and service hollowing,which all have potential for agricultural scale operation,and population hollowing out is a key factor for hollowing out.The standardized path coefficients of population,economy,agricultural land and service to scale willingness are 0.691,0.173,0.169 and 0.192,respectively.While,the standardized path coefficients for scale management behavior are 0.692,0.135,0.057 and 0.026,respectivetly.(3)In the process of achieving moderate scale operation of agriculture,the appropriate scale of different types of agriculture has different influencing factors.It can be seen from the sample data that the factors affecting profitable agriculture are the actual cultivated area and agricultural income;the guarantee agriculture is the labor capacity and the fertile degree of the land;and the physical condition and the ability to avoid risks are the main factors of recreational agriculture.(4)Based on the reality of rural hollowing out and the advantages of different types of agriculture,the development path of moderate scale operation of agriculture is proposed from the vertical and horizontal directions.The vertical development path is: In the short-term,priority should be given to the development of the protection type,followed by the leisure type,and the remaining promotion benefits.In the long run,both guaranteed and recreational agriculture will eventually shift to profitability to achieve scale operations or industrial operations.The horizontal development model is as follows: According to the different groups of farmers,we can actively develop family farms,large-scale transportation or large-scale agricultural machinery;or choose the joint farming and the "farmers + companies/farmers + cooperatives/farmers + companies + cooperatives" business model or semi-managed or fully managed land.According to the different location conditions of the village,the urban village can concentrate on the development of urban agriculture relying on the location advantage;the suburban village should develop leisure tourism agriculture;the outer suburb village can develop ecological agriculture.