| The issue of “agriculture,rural areas,and farmers” is a fundamental issue concerning national economy and people's livelihood.Land circulation and labor transfer are the two core production factors.Realizing both reorganization and optimization is a powerful way to resolve the “three rural” issues in China,an important way to promote the overall development of urban and rural areas,and to promote new urbanization in China.High-quality development,large-scale agriculture,and modernization are very important.Since the reform and opening up,the party and the state have always paid attention to the issue of peasants' land transfer and attached great importance to the employment of migrant workers.Especially since the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has attached great importance to the issue of rural land,continued to deepen the reform of the rural land property rights system,and once again divided the original two rights of land ownership and contract management rights into ownership and contract Rights and management rights then form the “three rights”,so as to clarify the property rights of agricultural land,promote the orderly transfer of agricultural land,and create conditions for the transfer of rural labor,which can release rural surplus labor,achieve large-scale operations,and improve agricultural production efficiency.This will promote the construction of new urbanization and gain new economic growth points.However,the facts observed in our country are:the total amount of labor transfer is increasing,but the growth rate continues to decline.The main reason for this phenomenon is that most of the rural labor force transfer is still temporary,and migrant workers have not participated extensively in the land transfer market.For farmers who are land suppliers,if there is no non-agricultural employment channel,it is difficult for them to abandon land management,land transfer will be restricted,which will hinder labor transfer,and the growth rate of labor transfer will continue to decline.Against this background,this article is based on the formalist school of rational smallholder ideological theory,the theory of scale economy,and General Secretary Xi Jinping's important exposition on rural land system reform in the new era,as well as the new migration economics theory and General Secretary Xi Jinping's new era labor transfer thought.Taking into account the differences in the research results caused by the factors of transfer objects,the sample farmers are divided into land subcontracting farmers and land subcontracting farmers.Using the latest released China Household Income Survey(CHIP2013)micro data,comprehensive analysis of land subcontractingand land transfer The impact of the package on the probability and stability of labor transfer,so as to get the conclusion of the relationship between land transfer and labor transfer.In the empirical analysis of the impact of land transfer on labor transfer,first,this paper uses the logistic empirical model to verify the impact of land subcontracting and land contracting on labor transfer probability;then,the ols empirical model is used to verify the land subcontracting and land contracting on labor force The effect of transfer stability.On this basis,based on the results of empirical analysis,combined with the problems in the process of land transfer and labor transfer,specific and feasible policy recommendations are proposed for promoting the integrated development of land transfer and labor transfer.The main research conclusions of this paper are:(1)According to the descriptive statistical analysis results of the main variables,no matter whether the land is transferred in or out,there are very few sample farmers who have participated in the land transfer,and most of the sample farmers operate their own contracted land.The sense of land transfer is not strong;no matter whether the land transfer is carried out,there are fewer farmers in the sample of labor transfer.Farmers prefer not to go out;compared with the willingness to transfer in the land,the sample farmers prefer to transfer out the land,and the sample farmers who transfer out the land are more prone to labor transfer behavior and the transfer time is longer.(2)Land contracting has a significant negative correlation with labor transfer behavior and labor transfer time.This empirical result shows that with the expansion of the land contracted management area,the more unfavorable for the transfer of labor,farmers will also reduce the labor transfer time accordingly.In other words,increasing the area of ??land contracted,the lower the probability of labor transfer,the shorter the labor transfer time.The reason for this phenomenon is: low household disposable income and low labor quality limit farmers' additional investment in large-scale agricultural machinery,and as the scale of agricultural operations expands,farmers must invest more manpower,material resources,and time to engage in agriculture It is difficult for farmers to find time and experience non-agricultural work.Therefore,not only is it difficult for the farmer households who contract the land to undergo labor transfer,but also limited by agricultural technological progress,income and other factors,it also hinders the labor transfer,and correspondingly reduces the time for labor to go out to work.(3)Whether it is a logistic model of labor transfer behavior or an ols model of labor transfer time,land subcontracting variables have no significant effect on labor transfer.This shows that as the area of ??land subcontracting increases,it will not affect whether thefarmer households undergo labor transfer behavior,nor the labor transfer time.In other words: labor transfer behavior and labor transfer time will not change with the change of land subcontract area.It may be that the land transfer market is not perfect,the labor force employment platform is imperfect,and some systems are unreasonable.The land transfer is not smooth,and the land transfer is inconsistent with the labor transfer.Based on the above conclusions,the following six suggestions are put forward:(1)Do a good job in publicizing the policy of determining and transferring land in rural areas,and strengthen farmers' awareness of property rights protection;(2)Promote online transactions of rural land,and standardize and guide the management of land rights Sequence transfer;(3)Strengthen the cultivation of new agricultural business entities and improving the professional and technical qualities of farmers;(4)Strengthen the establishment of grass-roots entrepreneurship and employment service platforms to improve the environment for sustainable growth of farmers' income;(5)Promote the transfer of agricultural population to enjoy urban Basic public services to improve the social security level of rural migrant workers;(6)Promote the universal coverage of rural infrastructure public services and ensure the safe transfer of farmers' land.In summary,compared to previous literature,the innovation of this article is reflected in the following three points:(1)The research perspective is relatively new.This article comprehensively considers the possible impact of land subcontracting and land subcontracting on labor transfer probability and stability;(2)The data sources are relatively new.This paper uses the Chinese Household Income Survey(CHIP)microdata with higher reliability,larger sample size,and wider coverage to analyze the impact of land transfer on labor transfer,and the research conclusions are more credible;(3)The research variables are relatively new.This paper uses labor transfer behavior and labor transfer time to measure labor transfer,and analyzes the possible impact of land transfer on labor transfer probability and stability.In addition,because this article is limited by various factors such as objective conditions and scientific research capabilities,there are still some shortcomings in this research,and further research is needed. |
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