Accessibility And Spatial Linkage Of Cities Between Southwest China And SEA Countries Based On Land Transportation

There have always been the hot spots of trade investment and trade exchanges between southwest China and SEA countries.With the continuous growth of international trade demand,both sides have become more dependent on external transportation infrastructure.As geographical neighbors,land transportation is the most convenient way to connect southwest China and SEA countries.Domestic and foreign researches on transportation accessibility analysis and spatial linkages have covered road,railway,air and sea transportation networks.However,most of the existing researches are focused on a single mode of transportation and ignore the connection of multiple modes of transportation,resulting in the relatively insufficient.And the researches on the corridor between southwest China and SEA countries were mainly based on qualitative description and summary in the early with few theoretical model analysis.Based on this,this paper selects 5 provinces(autonomous regions,municipalities directly under the central government)in southwest China and 11 countries in SEA as the research area and uses traffic network data from Open Street Map,economic and social data,trade data,network search data and so on.Firstly,construct three differential evaluation index systems using principal component analysis and select strategic nodes which can play an important supporting role in the process of land transportation construction;Secondly,based on ArcGIS 10.2 platform,analyze the spatial pattern of accessibility and spatial linkages of nodes cities between southwest China and SEA countries using accessibility analysis and gravity model to determines the basic trend of the development axis of land corridors;Finally,this paper puts forward potential corridors between southwest China and SEA countries and some suggestions for future development policies.Through research,the following research conclusions are obtained:(1)Since the 21 st century,the economy and trade have achieved rapid development between southwest China and SEA countries,laying a good foundation for the construction of land transportation.The great differences in economic development,industrial structure and leading industries among SEA countries promote the complementary,interactive and mutual development of industries with southwest China,and jointly promote the trade development of both sides.At the same time,the trade relations between southwest China and SEA countries are becoming more and more close,especially in Guangxi and Vietnam,Sichuan and Vietnam,Yunnan and Myanmar,Sichuan and Malaysia,Chongqing and Malaysia.(2)According to construct three differential evaluation index systems,this paper selects strategic nodes with high comprehensive scores.Among the cities in southwest China,Chongqing,Chengdu,Nanning,Guiyang and Kunming are selected as core strategic nodes of land transportation construction,while Zunyi,Nanchong,Yuxi,Qujing and Luzhou are selected as important strategic nodes;Among the cities in SEA countries,Singapore,Ho Chi Minh City,Kuala Lumpur and Bangkok are selected as core strategic nodes of land transportation construction,while Hanoi,Manila,Jakarta,Rangoon,Johor Bahru and Surabaya are selected as important strategic nodes;Among the land frontier ports,Ruili port,Hekou port,Youyiguan port and Dongxing port are selected as core strategic nodes in southwest China,while Mohan port,Pingxiang port and so on are selected as important strategic nodes.(3)Compared with SEA countries,the length,grade and density of land transportation network is relatively high in southwest China.In terms of road infrastructure,the motorway construction has made a breakthrough and has becoming an important way to connect cities in southwest China,while the proportion of motorway is relatively low in SEA countries;In terms of railways infrastructure,the overall railway development in SEA countries is slow.While Singapore,Myanmar,Indonesia,Thailand,Vietnam and Malaysia have initially build the railway network,other countries have not formed the complete railway network yet;In terms of network connection,there has been five roads and two railways connected.(4)The dominant areas with better accessibility of land transportation show corridor distribution characteristics and obvious directionality.Among them,the north-south corridors can be roughly divided into five,with Yangon in Myanmar,Bangkok in Thailand,Hanoi in Vietnam,Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam,Singapore and Kuala Lumpur as the strategic nodes respectively.The east-west corridors are mainly distributed in the contact area of core strategic node cities in southwest China,core strategic node cities with their adjacent areas and node cities in SEA countries.In terms of spatial linkages of cities,the city networks withstrong connection gravity have been basically formed,such as Nanning-Hanoi,Chongqing-Hanoi,Chongzuo-Hanoi,Nanning-Haiphong,Liuzhou-Hanoi and Qinzhou-Hanoi.In terms of node city connections,Chongqing,Chengdu,Nanning,Kunming in southwest China and Hanoi,Haiphong,Ho Chi Minh City,Singapore and Bangkok are node cities with more connections.(5)Combined with the analysis results of comprehensive evaluation of strategic nodes,accessibility of land transportation and spatial linkages of cities,this paper finds that there are three main potential land corridors between southwest China and SEA countries: the west corridor is Chengdu-Chongqing-Zunyi-Guiyang-Qujing-Kunming-Ruili port-Naypyidaw-Yangon;the central corridor is Chengdu-Chongqing-Zunyi-Guiyang-Qujing-Kunming-Yuxi-Mohan port-Vientiane-Bangkok-Kuala Lumpur-Singapore;the east corridor is Chongqing-Zunyi-Guiyang-Nanning(Kunming)-Youyiguan port(Hekou port)-Hanoi-Ho Chi Minh City-Phnom Penh-Bangkok.In the future regional development strategy,We should consider to high lights the role of three main potential corridors,strengthen the connection with nodes of different levels and encourage the cooperation between southwest China and SEA countries under the background of new international land-sea trade corridor.