| In recent years,China's agricultural development is an era that puts the quality of agricultural products in the first place,but in recent years,the quality and safety incidents of agricultural products in China have occurred frequently.In fact,the quality and safety issues of agricultural products in China are mainly concentrated in the excessive application of fertilizers and pesticides.Statistics from the Ministry of Agriculture show that Chinese consumption of pesticides still ranks first in the world.The amount of pesticides applied per unit area is more than double that of developed countries,and the utilization rate of pesticides is even lower than that of developed countries by 50% to 65%.The problems of agricultural product quality and safety and ecological environment deterioration caused by excessive application of pesticides have caused widespread concern.Strictly controlling the pesticide application behavior of agricultural production subjects and reducing their pesticide application is the only way to develop green agriculture,build ecological civilization,and realize agricultural supply-side structural reforms and rural revitalization strategies.In order to promote the standardized application of pesticides by agricultural production entities,the Ministry of Agriculture issued the Action Plan for Zero Growth in Pesticide Use in 2015;thereafter,in 2018,in the “Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Implementation of Rural Rejuvenation Strategies”,it was specifically stated that “the development of green agricultural development actions to achieve input reduction”;in the No.1 Central Document of 2019,“negative growth in pesticide application” was emphasized for the first time to further promote the reduction of pesticide application by agricultural production entities.Multiple regulations and policies are implemented simultaneously in various places,and training,publicity,pest monitoring and forecasting,and supervision of the planting process are used to promote the reduction and control of agricultural production.How to effectively promote the reduction of pesticide application by farmers and make green production a conscious action of farmers is a hot spot of common concern in academia and politics.This article first summarizes domestic and foreign research results on farmer's pesticide application behavior and government regulation,defines the concepts of government regulation and farmers' reduced pesticide application behavior to be studied in this paper,and from the theory of farmer behavior,government regulation theory and pesticide application burden starting from three aspects of the externality theory.Secondly,using field survey data of 498 kiwi fruit farmers in Zhouzhi County and Meixian County,Shaanxi Province,China 's main kiwi producing areas,the reduction of the application of kiwi farmers by the number of application times and the application amount was reduced to construct a two-column model.And Ordered Probit model for empirical analysis of government regulations on kiwi farmers' reduced pesticide application behavior.Finally,the research conclusions and recommendations are drawn,which are intended to provide a reference for promoting the reduction of pesticide application by kiwi farmers and the green production of agricultural products.This article mainly draws the following conclusions:(1)Of the 498 kiwi farmers in the sample data,only 44% of the farmers reduced the pesticide application frequency,and among the fruit farmers who reduced the application frequency,the average reduction degree was less than 20 %;Only 15.26% of kiwi farmers reduced the intensity of pesticide application,and even 24.50% of kiwi farmers increased the intensity of pesticide application.It can be seen that the non-green production behaviors of kiwi farmers are widespread,and the behaviour of reduced pesticide application by kiwi farmers still needs to be further improved.(2)In the analysis of the reduction in pesticide application frequency of kiwi farmers,training and publicity services have a significant positive impact on kiwi farmers' reduction decisions and reduction degree.In the analysis of the reduction in pesticide application intensity of kiwi farmers,the training and publicity service have a significant positive impact on the reduction in pesticide application intensity,and the pest detection and forecast service have a significant positive impact on the reduction in pesticide application intensity.(3)In the analysis of the reduction in pesticide application frequency of kiwi farmers,the education level of the head and the family's participation in the cooperative have a significant positive impact on kiwi farmers' reduction decisions and the reduction degree.In the analysis of the reduction in pesticide application intensity of kiwi farmers,the education level of the head and the family's participation in the cooperative have a positive effect on the reduction in pesticide application intensity.(4)In the analysis of the reduction in pesticide application frequency of kiwi farmers,the price cognition and output cognition have a significant positive impact on kiwi farmers' reduction decisions and reduction degree.In the analysis of the reduction in pesticide application intensity of kiwi farmers,the price cognition have a significant positive impact on the reduction in pesticide application intensity.Based on the above conclusions,this article proposes the following suggestions: First,explore and use multiple methods and channels to improve agricultural science and technology services;Second,optimize multiple government regulations and strengthen the supervision of the kiwi farmers production process.The third is to improve the kiwi certification system and the cultivation of market brands,and implement the agricultural product insurance system.The fourth is to improve the cultural and educational level of kiwi farmers and pay attention to the professional education of kiwi farmers.Fifth,fully cultivate professional cooperatives of kiwi and to give full play to its guiding role in reducing pesticide application to kiwi farmers. |
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