The Impact Of U.S.Technical Barriers To Trade On The Technological Innovation Of Chinese Enterprises

As trade protectionism in Western countries has risen in recent years,trade protection measures based on technical barriers to trade(TBT)tend to be more targeted than tariff barriers,which will have a substantial impact on the innovation efficiency and output performance of domestic enterprises.This paper firstly systematically sorts out the mechanism of technical trade barriers on domestic enterprises' technological innovation from the research and development cost effect,export learning effect and trade promotion effect system.Then,based on the micro-matching data of industrial enterprises and customs enterprises from 2001 to 2011,this paper uses PSM-DID method empirically examines the average effect of the implementation of TBT in the United States on the technological innovation of China's export enterprises.Finally,in view of the heterogeneous characteristics of corporate equity structure,industry attributes and regional attribution,this paper further constructs a heterogeneous DID model to analyze the heterogeneous impact of TBT on technology innovation of domestic enterprises.The basic conclusion of this article is that the implementation of TBT in the United States has a significant inhibitory effect on the technological innovation of Chinese enterprises.That is,the implementation of TBT weakens the innovation motivation of domestic enterprises by increasing the independent research and development costs of enterprises and reducing technology spillovers.Through a series of robustness tests such as the parallel trend test,placebo test,and shift control group,the benchmark results are still robust.On this basis,through the heterogeneity analysis of "sub-sample regression" and "triple difference method",this paper finds that the innovation of enterprises in developed coastal regions in the east is significantly negatively affected by TBT in the United States and is much higher than that of non-developed coastal regions.In addition to the significant negative impact of TBT innovation on stateowned collective enterprises,private companies and foreign-funded enterprises are not significantly affected by TBT in the United States.The innovation of knowledgeintensive enterprises is significantly affected by the US TBT,while the labor-intensive and capital-intensive enterprises are not significantly affected by the US TBT.Enterprises with higher profitability have a relatively higher level of technological innovation after encountering technical barriers to trade.companies with higher export scale have a relatively lower level of technological innovation after encountering technical barriers to trade.Combining the above research conclusions,the policy enlightenment of this article is that governments at all levels should continuously improve trade technology regulations and intellectual property protection to avoid unreasonable and unnecessary trade barriers between countries.Enterprises should strengthen independent research and development capabilities to avoid Over-reliance.