Research On Risk Management Of Critical Equipment Purchase Contract Of N Aluminum Automotive Body Sheet Project

Large-scale critical equipment is basic and strategic capital goods,which occupies an important position in the project's fixed asset investment and purchase expenditure of manufacturing enterprises.The characteristics of critical equipment,which determine the process performance and production characteristics of the enterprise,is an important carrier of the core competitiveness of the manufacturing enterprise.The critical equipment is also typical specific asset with the characteristics of highly customized,large investment,high technical complexity and difficult to replace.The contract relationship and work interface involved in the equipment import process are complicated,and the contract shows a significant characteristics of long period execution,contractual incompleteness and bilateral lock-in,and the more significant negative contract reference point effect under the conflict of management cultural differences between the contracting parties.The above-mentioned contract characteristics determine that the import of critical equipment will face more potential contract risks.The larger scale of risk re-allocation and the lower efficiency of renegotiations make it more difficult to deal with the risks effectively.These risk characteristics highlight the necessity of enterprises'effective risk management of critical equipment purchase contracts.This dissertation,which takes the risk management of the critical equipment purchase contracts of N Aluminum Automotive Body Sheet Project as the starting point of the research,identify the three-stage contract risk factors and obtain 14 typical contract risks based on the two-round Delphi method,and then establishes a contract risk evaluation hierarchy system based on the analytic hierarchy process,and obtains the contract risk factors weight sort,including 4 important risks,3 medium risks and 6 common risks,while the 4 important risks respectively are the commissioning and acceptance risk,the delay payment risk,the delivery schedule risk and the contract wording risk.This dissertation also analyzes the patterns,characteristics and potential effects of different contract risks,and tries to explain critical contract risks from the perspectives of bilateral lock-in and hold-up under relationship-specific investment,uncertainty between input and payoff,and the risk amplification effect of contract reference point effects.Correspondingly,response measures for critical contract risks are proposed,such as the dynamic matching of risk and control rights,replacement of payment "soft clause" with "trust+guarantee"method,reduction of the contract work interface and the design of complete and clear contract template.At the same time,based on the characteristics of critical equipment contract,the risk allocation mechanism with flexibility and the relationship governance factors such as trust are introduced into the contract risk management to improve the efficiency of contract risk response and the contract execution from the perspective of contract risk response mechanism,so as to provide a reference for the optimization of risk management of critical equipment purchase contracts for manufacturing enterprises.