Structure Design And Optimization Of Three-dimensional Laser Cutting Machine

Three-dimensional laser cutting machine is a kind of sheet processing equipment commonly used in modern processing and manufacturing industry.Compared with traditional cutting equipment,it has the advantages of no pollution,high processing efficiency,convenient and safe operation,etc.It is widely used in the processing of plastics,glass,ceramics,wood,semiconductors,leather and other materials.Although there are many types of three-dimensional laser cutting machines in China,there are still problems of large area and high production cost,and the stability of the equipment still have a certain gap compared with foreign advanced laser cutting machines.Therefore,during the company's internship,relying on the R&D team of Suzhou Tianhong Laser Co.,Ltd.,a small and medium-sized Three-dimensional laser cutting machine was designed and manufactured.The main research contents of this paper are presented as follows:(1)Scheme design of Three-dimensional laser cutting machine: Firstly,the basic technical parameters of laser cutting machine are determined according to processing requirements and laser equipment design and manufacturing standards.Combining with the basic technical parameters,technical analysis of domestic and foreign Three-dimensional laser cutting machine equipment,the gantry viaduct layout of the overall structure of the laser cutting machine is determined.The structure of the Three-dimensional laser cutting machine body,beam and laser head were designed,and the calculation and selection of the main components such as the lead screw,servo motor,and guide rail were completed.Finally,the three-dimensional model of the laser cutting machine was established using Solidworks.(2)Simulation analysis and experimental verification of the main structure of the Three-dimensional laser cutting machine: This article mainly analyzes the structure of the Three-dimensional laser cutting machine,using finite element simulation research methods to analyze the main structure of the laser cutting machine and the main structure of the bed,beam and Z-axis components The static and dynamic characteristics.It can be seen from the static analysis results that the maximum displacement and stress distribution of each structure meet the design requirements and there is room for lightweight optimization of the beam structure.At the same time,the modal analysis of the whole machine and main structure of the Three-dimensional laser cutting machine was carried out.According to the analysis results,it can be seen that the natural frequency of the moving components of the laser cutting machine meets the design requirements,but the first-order natural frequency of the whole machine is only 39.505 Hz,the amplitude of the upper body is large,and the stability of the laser cutting machine needs to be optimized.The modal test of the laser cutting machine has shown that the error between its natural frequency and the finite element analysis result is less than 12%,and the finite element analysis result is reasonable.(3)Optimization of weak parts of the Three-dimensional laser cutting machine:optimize and improve the support form and height of the bed.Through static analysis of different forms of support structure,it can be seen that the rigidity of the bed structure is the largest when70° inclined support is used.After adding the support structure,the bed was modal optimized,and the optimal height of the bed was obtained.At this time,the first-order natural frequency of the bed was increased to 52 Hz.After the overall optimization,the maximum deformation of the bed is reduced by 59%,and the maximum stress is reduced by 63%.Lightweight design was carried out for the beam structure,and a response surface model of its cross-sectional structure size parameters was established.The height,width,and wall thickness of the beam were optimized by multi-objective genetic algorithm.While ensuring the stiffness of the beam,the quality of the beam was reduced by 14%.Finally,according to the optimization results,the dynamic analysis and verification of the main moving components show that the maximum displacement of the laser head is less than 0.03 mm,and its structural rigidity and stability meet the actual processing requirements.The three-dimensional laser cutting machine studied in this subject has a compact structure,low manufacturing cost,and the corresponding structural strength meets the design requirements.It provides valuable theoretical experience and reference value for the further development of similar products.