| Ship construction is a typical production of large and complex products,which plays an important role in national defense construction and the national economy.As a key link in the process of ship construction,block assembly seriously affects the ship construction cycle.At the same time,as an important place to coordinate the work process between different operations,the block is restricted by the spatial layout of the shipyard.Therefore,it is necessary to consider time and space together to improve the efficiency of ship construction.Block assembly and spatial layout are subject to strict temporal and spatial constraints,that is,a spatial organization will affect the scheduling of production tasks,and efficient time organization also requires the form and dynamic adjustment of spatial organization,its scheduling problem has the characteristics of complexity,multi-objective and dynamic.As a leading enterprise in the field of special engineering ships in China,ZJ Shipyard has brought some difficulties to the efficient planning and management of its construction process with the gradual increase of orders in recent years.As a result,how to ensure the tight coordination of spatial organization and spatial organization by making effective ship construction scheduling plans to improve the production efficiency of ship construction has become an urgent problem for ZJ shipyards.Considering the problems of unreasonable operation scheduling,low utilization of spatial resources,arranging the working teams based on experience and lack of reasonable and effective distribution strategy in hull workshop and blockyard of ZJ shipyard,this paper divides the problem of spatial-temporal cooperative scheduling into two parts: In the hull workshop,considering the constraints of construction time,spatial layout and working team arrangement,this paper studies the spatial-temporal cooperative scheduling problem;In the blockyard,considering the spatial position and moving path of the blocks,the spatial-temporal cooperative scheduling problem of the blockyard stacking is studied.Concerning the spatial-temporal cooperative scheduling problem of block assembly,considering the spatial constraints between blocks and between blocks and yard,as well as the temporal constraints such as skill level and construction ability of working teams,this paper proposes a two-stage mixed scheduling method based on similar rule and spatial positioning rule.In the first stage,the method uses the similarity rule to classify all the blocks into several block groups,and all blocks in each group are similar in space and continuous in time;In the second stage,the average maximum residual spatial rule based on "surface search" and the Bottom-Left(BL)rule based on "point search" are designed respectively.The optimal spatial positioning rule is obtained by contrasting,and the spatial-temporal collaborative scheduling solution of block assembly is obtained.Concerning spatial-temporal cooperative scheduling of blockyard stacking,this paper also discusses two sub-problems of block location and moving path selection.Considering the temporal constraints such as entry and exit temporal and spatial constraints such as stacking layout,number,and location of obstructing blocks,a scheduling scheme based on spatial location,moving path selection,and obstructing block repositioning is proposed to minimize the number of unproductive moves.Based on the above research,the spatial-temporal collaborative scheduling scheme of block assembly including block start and finish time,spatial position and direction,working team arrangement,and spatial-temporal cooperative scheduling scheme of blockyard stacking including spatial location,moving path selection and obstructing block repositioning are obtained.The research results provide a practical and effective scheme for the establishment of job sequencing,the selection of spatial positioning strategy,and the organization of block mobile tasks. |
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