Design Of Rural Drinking Water Monitoring System Based On Wireless Sensor Network

Drinking water safety in rural areas is an important guarantee for the health of rural population.At present,the two forms of water supply in rural areas in China,centralized and decentralized water supply,lack the means of long-term monitoring of drinking water.Drinking water monitoring in rural areas can enable the monitors to grasp the changes of water quality in the first time,redu ce the threat of rural drinking water pollution,improve the quality of rural residents’ daily drinking water,and ensure the safety of rural residents’ drinking water.Wireless sensor network(WSN)is a wireless network composed of multiple sensor nodes,which will acquire the data of the monitoring areas by arranging a large number of nodes to realize on-line monitoring of multiple monitoring points,which has the advantages of low cost and flexible deployment of nodes,and has been gradually applied to water quality monitoring.Based on the rural drinking water monitoring,this paper analyzed the research status of traditional water quality monitoring technology and online monitoring technology in domestic and abroad.Aiming at the problems of poor real-time performance and high manpower cost in the traditional method of periodic manual sampling in water quality monitoring,this paper designs a rural drinking water monitoring system based on wireless sensor network.The monitoring system has two kinds of functional nodes,including data acquisition node and sink gateway.Data acquisition node detects water quality data and sends the data to the sink gateway by wireless communication.After the sink gateway collects the data of each acquisition node,the data is transmitted to the remote server through GPRS network.Users can log on to the website platform to access remote servers to grasp the changes of water quality.In terms of hardware,this paper analyses the functional requirements,designs the minimum system circuit of the main control chip,the wirelessmodule circuit,as well as the power module,serial debugging module,GPS module and peripheral power supply management module.In terms of software,this paper designs workflow for two kinds of nodes and compiles relevant functional programs,including system initialization,data acquisition and encapsulation,wireless transmission and reception,etc.The monitoring system transplants u COS-II real-time multi-task system to improve the efficiency of nodes.At the same time,aiming at the problem of limited energy in wireless sensor network nodes,this paper designs an adaptive transmission power mechanism,which cooperates with sleep standby mechanism to reduce the power consumption of nodes.This paper tests the performance of drinking water monitoring system.The results show that the error of water quality data detected by sensor is less than 3.0;the transmission power adaptive mechanism can actively adjust the transmission power level and reduce unnecessary energy consumption.The current of the node is reduced to 0.1 m A in the dormant standby mode.Combined with the transmission power adaptive mechanism,the energy consumption of the node can be greatly reduced and the lifetime of the node can be effectively prolonged.Compared with the fixed transmission power node,the maximum lifetime of the node is prolonged by 89.6%.At the same time,this paper also tests the data update delay of the monitoring system website platform.The results show that the data update delay of the monitoring system is about 12 s.