Analysis And Research On The Current Situation Of Drinking Water Quality In Typical Rural Areas

Water is the source of life.Since 2015,when China officially entered the stage of safe drinking water in rural areas,farmers’ satisfaction and happiness have been increasing.Due to the significant urban-rural gap,the situation of drinking water quality in rural areas is not clear despite more than a decade of development.Through literature collection,combination of theory and practice,data statistics,comparative analysis and other methods,this paper collected the relevant papers,academic reports,statistical data,statistical yearbooks and relevant documents about the safety of rural drinking water quality in China,and analyzed the collected relevant data.The pollution degree,spatial and temporal characteristics of drinking water quality and the current situation of drinking water quality in typical rural areas in different stages were summarized,and some suggestions were put forward to improve the drinking water quality in rural areas.Research contents and conclusions include:(1)Based on published water quality data,total coliform number,total number of bacteria,turbidity and fluoride as research objects,the analysis of typical pollution indicators affecting rural drinking water quality in China shows that from 2005 to 2018,the over-standard rate of total coliform number decreased from 33.8% to 21.3% in eastern typical rural areas.It decreased from 40.3% to 22.3% in the central region,54.4% to 22.4% in the western region,and 36.7% to 23.7% in the northeast region.The over-standard rate of total bacteria in eastern typical rural areas decreased from 31.2%to 16.4%,in central areas from 37.2% to 17.7%,in western areas from 39.2% to 18.9%,and in northeast areas from 31.7% to 19.6% The turbidity over standard rate in the eastern region decreased from 14.6% to 9.3%,in the central region from 19.7% to14.9%,in the western region from 23.1% to 16.7%,and in the northeast from 18.3% to16.9%.In most areas,the fluoride excess rate is below 10%.(2)The analysis of spatio-temporal characteristics and influencing factors of rural drinking water quality nationwide shows that,from the perspective of time,the qualified rate of rural drinking water quality in China has been increasing year by year with the overall qualified rate increasing from 40% to 65%.The qualified rate of water quality in Northeast China showed a decreasing trend over time,and the qualified rate of water quality decreased from 68.1% in 2005-2008 to 60.1% in 2015-2018.The increase was from 40.1% to 57.5% in the central region and from 44.4% to 59.2% in the western region.The qualified rate of water quality in Northeast China showed a decreasing trend over time,decreasing from 68.1% in 2005-2008 to 60.1% in2015-2018.From the Angle of space,the east water quality qualified rate is higher,the northeast water quality appeared some volatility.In addition,the same water quality index is different in different typical rural areas,with the total number of coliform group,total number of bacteria,turbidity,fluorine,iron,manganese,nitrate as the research object,selected four typical rural areas were analyzed,The average level of total coliform group number exceeding the national standard was 38%,and the exceeded rate of typical provinces in the eastern and central regions was lower than the national average level,while other regions were higher than the national average level.The exceeded rate of other water quality indicators also showed certain regional characteristics.(3)Combined with the pollution status of typical drinking water quality indexes in rural China and the spatio-temporal characteristics of drinking water quality in rural China,it is shown that the qualified rate of drinking water quality in rural China is increasing year by year,and the number of people with unsafe drinking water is decreasing.However,according to the current public data,there are some rural drinking water quality data reported less;By 2018,the average level of drinking water quality in rural areas is 65%.Rural drinking water quality can be improved through protection of drinking water source,laying of water transmission and distribution pipe network infrastructure,implementation of disinfection problems,construction and quality improvement of residents’ drinking water habits and water environment.At the same time,the quality of rural drinking water can be improved by strengthening the interaction of various parties and encouraging the innovation of drinking water project and management mode in rural areas.