Research On The Transportation Of Freights Suitable For Highway And Railway

The general office of the state council issued the three-year action plan for promoting transport structural adjustment to optimize China’s transport structures and reduce environmental pollution.Aim to the unreasonable structure of freight transport in China,the plan presents improvements goal that is to improve the position of railway transport and waterway transport in the compositive trunk freight transport system through transferring the goods which are unfit for road transport to railways and waterways.Highway transport is a part of trunk road transport in China,which accounted for 41.99% of the highway cargo turnover in 2018.For the first time,this passage bases on highway toll-gate to carry out the sample survey of goods,by analyzing the gate of highway networking toll data and the data of railway cargo transportation,from a microscopical level cargo transportation to compare the different characters between highway and rail cargo transportation,which covers freight numbers,freight turnover,average length of haul goods,infrastructure construction,and transport equipment and so on levels,which reflects the two main transport ways in bear and characteristics of the different category of goods transport.With the assistance of SQL Server database management system,this paper analyzes the highway toll data and toll station filed survey in the past five years,which compares the freight volume,freight distance and freight flow with the railway data,and come up with the transport characteristics of highway and railway severally and the differences in goods category between them.Aggregate analysis for K-prototypes that was carried out for the survey data,and the categories of goods in the field survey data were classified,to put forward the main types of goods fit for the transportation for highways and railways and their reasons.The result shows that highway is more suitable for goods which are products with high added values,closely related to People’s Daily life and have high time-efficient requirements,such as agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery products,light industry,medicine product,mechanical equipment,electric appliance and so on.In addition,the overall demand for these goods are high but its market is diversification,requiring more flexible modes of transportation.The railway is more suitable for transporting bulk commodities,which are more relevant to industrial and agricultural productions,such as coal and products,metal ores,steel and mineral building materials and so on,these goods are transported in large quantities and sensitive to transportation costs.Therefore,the transportation characteristics of railway can better meet their requirements.This study is helpful to further adjust and optimize the transport structure and promote the coordinated development of the integrated trunk transport system.