Sustainable Transformation And Management Of Traditional Water Conservation Systems

Traditional knowledge refers to the knowledge,innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities around the world.Developed from experience gained over the centuries and which was adapted to the local culture and atmosphere,traditional knowledge is transmitted verbally from generation to generation.Water resources are irregularly distributed in space and time,under pressure,on water resources are increasing largely as a result of human activities,uninhibited urbanization,population growth,increased living standards,growing competitions for water,and pollution day by day.Water is the largest natural resources of Nepal although only a relatively low percentage of the total population is getting safe and clean water for daily use.It is estimated that only about 3% water is potable in the world whilst Nepal has lavish,a portion of it.This research is closely related to traditional water resources management system by local people in the Kirtipur municipality from the beginning.It will be a very useful technique of water resources establishment and management for the present as well as in the future also but it isn’t continuing and some break by modern development works.Furthermore,it balanced between natural resource and increasing population as well as different sectors.It has been conceded out the study of the traditional system of water resources management of existing water recourses in different locations,utilization,quality and quantity,potential water resources,distribution and supply system,which may importantly contribute to sustainable water resources management,planning and management in the future by sponge city system and how it is.Nepal is a nation made up of villages with unparalleled natural beauty and cultural diversity.Kirtipur is an ancient and historical Newar dominant settlement situated on a double hill rock in the southwest of the Kathmandu Valley and it is one of the 21 municipalities in the valley.It is located at 27°38’37’’ to 27°41’36’’N and 85°14’64’’ to85°18’00’’E with an altitude range from 1284 m to 1524 m above sea level and at present has 10 wards and covers 1476 ha(14.76 sq.km).There are 104 traditional water resources and their own conservation practices by local people from the beginning.The specific objectives are explore the current situation of traditional water resources,explore the shortcoming of current water practices,utilization and management of water resources,explore the design issues,application of sustainable transformation and management of a traditional water conservation system with the LID practices in Kirtipur.Traditional Water Conservation system of all the existing water sources(well,dug well,Stone Spout,pond,and river)in Kirtipur municipality was collected through Geographic Information System(GIS)with location verified by GPS on the toposheet(1:25,000)and satellite image and UAV image for finding the appropriate location for sponge city system constructions.The primary data collected from the field work through a different questionnaire with responsible personnel and analyzed in different software.The application of sponge city can help to reduce runoff and absorb rainwater by60 to 70 percent compared to the current situation,indicating that the issue of water logging in Kirtipur municipality can be effectively curbed.The hillside of the old Kirtipur settlement’s runoff water will channelize to the side drains both sides of the road and connected to the pond,wastewater treatment plant and rainwater garden.The permeable pavement will be made in the all walking street,commercial area and residential area,it will help the rain water infiltrate into the ground.The rain garden will be made in different open spaces which are expected to play a significant role in attracting more tourists and citizens.Everything changes in the world soon the way of development practices,threats to the Traditional water conservation so we will make sponge city system for sustainable water resources management in coming days.Sponge city is a new storm water management concept,and compared with traditional methods,it requires more time and financial resources to be realized.To summarize now is the time to act in terms of exploiting new methods of managing storm water and urban flooding issues.The sponge city concept precisely meets the needs of sustainable city development: reusing rainwater and respecting nature.