Green Effect Measurement Of Prefabricated Residential Buildings

With the concept of sustainable development put forward,resource depletion,environmental damage and other issues have attracted worldwide attention.As a large consumer of resources,the total energy consumption in the construction industry accounted for 46.5%of the national total,amounting to 2.147 billion TCE.On the other hand,with the rapid advancement of China’s urbanization process and the rapid increase of urban construction,the demand for housing will increase accordingly,and the construction industry will continue to consume more resources.Therefore,it is necessary to quantify the impact of prefabricated residential buildings and establish a scientific quantitative evaluation system to promote the rapid development of prefabricated residential buildings in China.Life cycle assessment（LCA）is an important tool for environmental assessment and management.Based on the theory of green effect and combining the characteristics of prefabricated buildings,this paper points out that the green effect of prefabricated residential buildings is the comprehensive effect of reducing resource depletion,energy consumption and environmental emission achieved in its whole life cycle.Based on the LCA theory and sustainable development theory,the prefabricated housing the establishment of a complete analysis of energy consumption and the ecological environment impact assessment model,from natural resources,ecosystem affect life,inanimate ecosystem affect three dimensions,global,regional,and local three perspectives to quantify the green effect of prefabricated residential building.Finally,three projects of prefabricated steel structure residential building,prefabricated concrete residential building and traditional cast-in-place residential building are selected to study the green effect measurement.The results show that:（1）The green effect of prefabricated residential buildings is better than that of traditional cast-in-place residential buildings.Among them,the green effect of prefabricated steel structure res idential building is better than that of prefabricated concrete residential building.The three dimensions of green effect show that traditional cast-in-place residential buildings account for 51.91%of the total impact on resource and energy consumption in the life cycle,while prefabricated steel structure residential buildings and prefabricated concrete residential buildings account for 37.85%and 45.69%,respectively.（2）Through the comparison of resource and energy consumption,it is found that compared with traditional cast-in-place residential buildings,prefabricated residential buildings consume too much steel and gasoline consumption is affected by off-site transportation distance,but they have obvious advantages in saving template,block and diesel oil.Compared with traditional cast-in-place residential buildings,prefabricated steel structure residential buildings and prefabricated concrete residential buildings can save 3.6kg and 4.5kg standard coal per unit area respectively,and reduce CO₂by 9.432kg and 11.790kg respectively.（3）Compared with traditional cast-in-situ buildings,the impacts of prefabricated steel structure residential buildings and prefabricated concrete residential buildings on global warming decrease by 78.56%and 74.54%,respectively,the impacts of water eutrophication decrease by66.47%and 67.59%,and the impacts of acidification decrease by 52.89%and 58.79%,respectively.The potential toxicity of human decreased by 58.41%and 53.97%,but increased by38.12%and 17.39%in the destruction of stratospheric ozone layer,respectively.The prefabricated residential buildings can improve the ecological system to a certain extent and have the potential of sustainable development.Finally,to the environmental types that have a greater impact,the causes are found out and the improvement methods and measures are put forward.