Research On The Spatial Form And Renewal Strategy Of Historical Ancient Towns In Mountainous Areas Based On Typomorphological Approach

Due to the specific natural geographical environment and development process,China has a wide distribution,strong historical continuity,good overall spatial form,and prominent regional characteristics of mountainous historical towns.Its spatial document contains the wisdom of mountain human settlement environment construction,which has experienced a long history.However,in the rapid development of urbanization,many historic mountain towns face the challenges of unbalanced protection and development,spatial disorder,historical rupture,and so on.Under the background of national urban and rural development strategies such as "integration of Chengdu Chongqing Urban Agglomeration," "integration of urban and rural areas," and "Rural Revitalization," opportunities and challenges coexist in mountainous historical towns.Based on a comprehensive grasp of the historical evolution of the spatial form of historical mountainous cities,how to make the historical mountainous cities reverse the current role of passive development,re-find their development foothold,and coordinate the relationship between protection and development,inheritance,and rebirth.Establish the connection between the new form and the traditional form.To enhance the vitality of the ancient town through the intervention of new functions and new industries is the focus of the current construction planning field.However,the existing urban planning research and design methods are challenging to make a practical qualitative and quantitative analysis of the historical,cultural,and local information of mountainous historical towns.As a result,the corresponding planning strategies and paths are not targeted enough to fully reflect the historical and cultural value and continuity of historical towns.The research method of morphological typology based on urban morphology can comprehensively reveal the specific state,historical evolution,and human factors of urban spatial development from the three levels of "material form of urban space,the formation process of urban form and relevance of urban material form." Therefore,it is of great significance to analyze and study cities’ existing environments with a long history.It has an extensive range of application value.This paper takes Wanling Town,Rongchang District,Chongqing as an example.Wanling town has a long history,which can be traced back to the Northern Song Dynasty.The prosperous business atmosphere and trade promoted Wanling town to become a regional business center with various traditional cultures and customs coexisting between Sichuan and Chongqing.The ancient village is based on the historical town’s space form formed by historical street and city wall and the natural landscape environment around,which has essential research and protection value.The morphological typology theory adopted in this paper attaches great importance to the diachronic characteristics of mountain towns in the process of analysis and can be fully applied to the overall planning of historic mountain towns,providing feasible strategic guidance for the protection and renewal of historic mountain towns.This paper first expounds on the core theoretical ideas and research methods of urban morphology and architectural types.Further,it discusses the research elements,techniques,and urban morphology types formed by integrating the two.Then,through the combination of practical cases at home and abroad and the existing historical literature at home and abroad,the research methods are appropriately adjusted.Secondly,through the "top-down" official planning and "bottom-up" public demand,we can get the current problems faced by the renewal of Wanling Town,and then determine the morphological elements and scale for the morphological typology of Wanling town.Thirdly,using the adjusted morphological typology analysis method,this paper studies the four urban morphological features: the overall urban spatial pattern,street system and street,street outline and plot and architectural layout,finds the succession process of various morphological types by combining the social,economic,cultural and other historical information of different periods,and obtains the evolution characteristics of various morphological types in the space-time dimension for reference Then,the boundary and scope of its protection and renewal are defined.Based on the above analysis process and research results,the author explores the evolution law and influencing factors of the form types of Wanling Town and puts forward the renewal strategies from four aspects:remodeling the natural landscape space,improving the hybrid transportation system,redividing the street outline and plot,and texture weaving and remodeling.Finally,the research process and content are summarized,and the theoretical and empirical research results are extracted.