Research On Identification Method Of Unbalanced Bidding In Construction Project Based On Extension Cloud Model

With increasingly fierce competition in the construction industry and the popularity of bidding system,the bidders facing enormous challenges.Bidders adopt a variety of bidding strategies to improve the probability of winning bid.After the issuance of the specifications of charging on bill of quantities of construction projects,the owner is responsible for the accuracy of the bill of quantities and the contractor have to bear the risk of prices,while the unbalanced bidding has become one of the most common bidding strategies.The bidder often uses the unbalanced bidding to win the bid and then settle at a price which higher than the tender price.The unbalanced bidding will damage the benefits of owners,while if it is misemploy,it will bring risks to the contractor.Unbalanced bidding may even disturb the normal proceeding of project bidding and also destroy the fair competition.Therefore,it is important for owner to identify and prevent the unbalanced bidding.This paper elaborates the characteristics and functions of the bill of quantities,combs the relative theory of unbalanced bidding,and summarizes the definition,manifestation,causes and countermeasures of unbalanced on the basis of analyzing the related research about bidding system under the bill-of-quantities model and unbalanced bidding.This paper proposes to apply the extension theory and cloud model to detect unbalanced bidding and summarizes relevant theories while considering the randomness and fuzziness of the bidder’s quotation.Taking a construction project as an example,this paper builds an unbalanced bidding identification method based on extension cloud theory.Firstly,according to the characteristics of the project,selects the evaluation index system according to the bill of quantities.Secondly,determines index weight by entropy weight method index,and establishes the standard normal cloud matter element model of unbalanced bidding.Then,evaluates the degree of unbalanced bidding by calculating cloud correlation between the matter-element to be evaluated and standard one,and shows the results of quantitative identification by the comprehensive evaluation method.In addition,more,it introduces the coefficients of credible degree to test credibility of the results.This paper takes a constructional engineering as an example shows that the extension cloud model is effective and credible,which can provide some reference for bidding decision.Finally,proposes countermeasures of unbalanced bidding from the perspective of prevention,identification and control on the side of owner.The identification method of unbalanced bidding based on extension cloud theory which is proposed in this paper,broadens the new idea of the owner to detect unbalanced bidding,provides a reference for improving the rationality of bid evaluation method,and it is beneficial to standardize the market order in the field of construction engineering.