Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Bus Travel Behavior During The Covid-19 Outbreak

The COVID-19 began to spread rapidly across the country in December 2019.The bus environment is relatively closed,and passengers are more likely to be infected with the virus,then they will perceive the risks of public transport travel.Meanwhile residents have different attitudes towards the epidemic prevention strategies.Because of residents’ risk perception and attitude towards epidemic prevention strategies and other factors,residents show different behavior characteristics during bus travel compared with the normal condition.In order to analyze the reasons for the change of residents’ travel characteristics,this paper analyzes the influencing factors of residents’ bus travel behavior under the epidemic situation.Accurate identification of factors affecting residents’ travel can help decision-makers accurately target the key points and provide a theoretical basis for putting forward more effective epidemic prevention strategies.In this paper,the survey data were got by questionnaires to obtain the travel characteristics of residents under the background of the epidemic.Through data comparison and analysis,it is found that after the epidemic,the frequency of bus trips,especially recreational trips decreased.And the acceptable spending time of bus trips decreased.In order to analyze the reasons for the change of travel characteristics,this paper analyzes the influencing factors of residents’ bus travel behavior based on the theory of planned behavior.Since the theory mainly makes judgments based on the existing experience of interviewees and lacks research on the influence of external environment attitude on the results.So I introduce risk perception factors and epidemic prevention strategy factors to make up for the shortcomings of the existing theory.All influencing factors are psychological factors,which are difficult to be measured directly,so structural equation model is adopted,and model fitting results are operated through AMOS software.The results showed that the model was better when risk perception and epidemic prevention strategy were added.Risk perception has a strong direct effect on travel attitude,and indirectly affects travel behavior through travel attitude and travel intention.Epidemic prevention strategies can directly affect travel intention and indirectly positively affect travel behavior.The sequence of factors affecting travel behavior from large to small is travel intention,perceived behavior control,epidemic prevention strategy,attitude,risk perception,subjective norms.Based on the above research results,I also analyze the effectiveness of current epidemic prevention strategies.In the analysis,combined with the actuality of the implementation,the optimization part is put forward.In addition,combined with the results of the study,this paper put forward personnel protection management and public health information,refining the requirements of keeping a safe distance from each other in the bus,bus environment disinfection and ventilation information bulletin and enlarge the coverage of epidemic prevention advertisement.Then get the strategy’s rank according to its validity and provide the basis for decision makers on resources proportion.On the basis of the traditional theory of planned behavior,the study of this paper adds the risk perception factor and epidemic prevention strategy factor,and proves its relationship and path on residents’ bus travel behavior,which enriches the existing theoretical research.The research results of epidemic prevention strategies can not only be applied to the prevention and control of COVID-19 by bus enterprises,but also provide guidance for the prevention and control of similar epidemics in the future.