Study On Spatial Spillover Effect Of Airport Transportation On Regional Economic Growth

The investment and construction of transportation infrastructure lay a foundation for the rapid development of regional economy.Airport,as one of the important transportation,has a significant impact on regional economic growth.China attaches great importance to the development of airport transportation industry.In the "14th Five-year Plan for Civil Aviation Development",it is pointed out that the number of hub airports should be increased,the layout of non-hub airports should be further improved,the advantages of civil aviation should be brought into play,and a new pattern of integrated development of civil aviation and regional economic development should be established to promote and support each other.The orderly development of airport plays an important role in improving economic level and coordinating regional development.It is of practical significance to study the spatial spillover effect of airport transportation on regional economic growth.Based on the review of relevant literature and theories,this paper explores the influence mechanism of airport development on regional economy from the perspective of residents’ behavior,enterprises and industries,and analyzes the status quo of airport quantity distribution,transportation scale,spatial layout,overall economic development and sub-regional development.In this paper,157 prefecture-level cities with airports from 2009 to 2019 are taken as the research objects.The adjacency matrix and economic distance weight matrix are constructed,and the global and local autocorrelation tests of regional economy are carried out respectively.It is concluded that regional economy has significant spatial correlation.On this basis,appropriate spatial econometric model is selected to analyze the impact of airport transportation on regional economic growth,and further heterogeneity analysis is carried out by region（eastern,central and western regions）and airport type（10 million class,2 million class,small and medium-sized airports）.The results show that :（1）when ordinary OLS regression,airport annual workload has a significant positive impact on regional economy.（2）Considering spatial spillover,the annual airport workload passed the significance test under the adjacency matrix and economic distance matrix of the three spatial econometric models,indicating that the increase of annual airport workload will promote regional economic growth at the national level.（3）By region,the three effects of annual airport workload on regional economic growth are all positive in the eastern and central regions,while the indirect effects are negative in the western region under the economic distance matrix,indicating that airports mainly promote economic development through direct effects.By airport type,the spillover effect of 10 million level airports and small and medium-sized airports on regional economy is positive,and the results of 2 million level airports are different under different weight matrices.Finally,this paper puts forward policy suggestions: improve airport infrastructure system to promote regional economic growth;Considering regional heterogeneity,optimize resource allocation according to local conditions;To accelerate the development of airport economy and realize the joint development of airport and regional economy;Coordinate airport and other transportation infrastructure,improve transportation system,etc.