Study On Building Energy Consumption Characteristics And Energy Consumption Model Of Railway Passenger Station

In the past two decades,China’s economy is developing rapidly,public infrastructure has been gradually improved,the scale of railway passenger stations continues to be expanding,and people’s demand for passenger service and comfort is also increasing,resulting in more energy demand.Railway passenger station is a large public building with continuous operation all the year round.It has the characteristics of large space span,diverse functions and large passenger flow,which results in the complexity of its energy consumption composition.It is very urgent and important to clarify the current situation of energy consumption of railway passenger station in China,analyze the influencing factors of energy consumption,and establish the energy consumption model of passenger station to predict and manage its energy consumption.The energy consumption of 15 high-speed railway passenger stations in different climatic regions of China was investigated,and the indoor environment of the waiting hall was measured.Based on the research data,this paper analyzes the current situation of energy consumption of railway passenger station in China.The main energy consumption types of railway passenger stations in China are electricity,natural gas and urban heat network.The annual toatal energy consumption per unit area of different high-speed rail passenger stations ranges from 93 to 203k Wh/（m²·a）,and the values are the highest in severe cold and cold region.Heating and air conditioning energy consumption and lighting energy consumption are the main components of passenger station energy consumption,and the elevator electricity consumption of high-speed railway passenger station increases more than that of traditional passenger station.The indoor environment of the waiting hall of the 15 passenger station is generally good,the CO₂ concentration is lower than the standard value,and the illuminance basically meets the requirements of the code,but there are problems such as excessive permeable air volume and unreasonable sun shading,and passengers of some passenger stations generally respond that it is cold in winter and hot in summer.Based on the analysis of the existing design data of high-speed railway passenger stations,a typical model of large passenger stations is established,and Energy Plus software is used to simulate the annual energy consumption of passenger stations.Orthogonal analysis method and sensitivity analysis method are used to study the influence capacity of different influencing factors on heating and air conditioning energy consumption of large passenger stations under different climate conditions.The results show that osmotic air,energy efficiency of cooling and heat source equipment,indoor environment control parameters,equipment operation mode,personnel density,equipment power density,lighting power density,solar heat gain coefficient and window-wall ratio have great influence on energy consumption of heating and air conditioning in passenger stations.In different climatic tegions,the influence of each factor is different.300 groups of simulation conditions were carried out for typical passenger station models in five climatic regions,and the simulated energy consumption data were used as the data set to establish energy consumption prediction model.Multiple linear regression model and BP neural network model optimized by genetic algorithm are established to predict the annual energy consumption of typical large passenger station.The results show that both models have good accuracy in predicting the annual energy consumption of passenger stations.It is found that there is a linear relationship between energy consumption and passenger flow density by simulating energy consumption of six passenger station models with different areas.Based on this relationship,a model of building energy consumption for passenger terminal in different climatic regions is established.The errors of the calculation results are basically controlled within 20%,and most of them are within 10%,indicating that the energy consumption model established is relatively reliable and can be used as a reference for the design and operation of high-speed railway passenger stations.