| In recent years,the incidence of cancer continues to rise,which is a serious threat to human life and health.Traditional chemical treatment has many side effects.Therefore,there are more and more people focus on finding and cultivating natural plants with high quality and antitumor effect.This study explores the difference of total triterpenoid content and extracts anti-cancer effect from different organs of Euscaphis konishii Hayat under different habitats and cultivation measures,so as to screen out the best organs and cultivation measures and to establish medicinal cultivation theory foundation and technology system of Euscaphis konishii Hayat,then to provide a scientific basis for the development and utilization,as well as a further research basis of Euscaphis konishii Hayat.The results show that:(1)Euscaphis japonica(Thunb.)Dippel and Euscaphis konishii Hayat have different genetic material,as a result the triterpenoid content is varied significantly between them.The triterpenoid contentis 4.48%in Euscaphis japonica(Thunb.)Dippel leaves,which is significantly higher than that of Euscaphis konishii Hayat(3.89%).However,the triterpenoid contentin the branches of Euscaphis konishii Hayat is 1.41%,which is slightly higher than that of Euscaphis japonica(Thunb.)Dippel(1.20%).(2)The triterpenoid content of Euscaphis konishii Hayat is significantly different between different organs of leaves,branches,peel and seeds.And the contentin different organs,collected in November,is leaves>branches>peel>seeds,which indicates that the leaf is the most beneficial to the accumulation of the triterpenoid.Low temperature in winter is more conducive to the production and accumulation of triterpenoid compounds.With the exception of the branches of Nongda,total triterpenoid compounds content of the leaves and branches,collected from Qingliu,Shaowu and Nongda,is higher in March than in November,so it is the best harvest time before the new leaves bloom in March.(3)Cultivation area has significant effect onthe triterpenoid content of Euscaphis konishii Hayat.And it is not consistent that the different Euscaphis konishii Hayat parts respond to the change of cultivated area.The triterpenoid content in leaves is extremely significantly related to altitude,average annual temperature,annual precipitation and annual average frost free period.In peels and seeds,it is extremely significantly related to altitude,average annual temperature and annual precipitation.However,the triterpenoid content of the branches is not correlated with all the factors.In addition to the branches,the triterpenoid compounds content of all parts shows extremely significantly negative correlation with altitude and annual precipitation.At the same time,it shows significantly positive correlation with annual average temperature.In addition,the triterpenoid content of leavesis positively correlated with average frost free period,and the other three parts has nothing to do with it.(4)Application of fertilizer has significant effect on the growth of Euscaphis konishii Hayat.When the other two kinds of fertilizer are on 2 level,somewhat increasing nitrogen,phosphorus or potassium fertilizer can improve plant growth.When the application amount is on 2 level,the plant grow with the fastest speed.Excessive application will inhibit the growth.The equation of linear regression between height growth and the amount of fertilizer is Y=71.611xi+472.348x2+132.72x3-2325.933xi2+16 72.829xix2+3178.233xix3+1169.556x2x3-13961.188x22-3680.842x32+5.04.Then it can figure out that the best fertilization amount of N,P and K for one plant respectively is 53.93g,22.02g,44.81g and the height growth is 15.15cm.Further more,the interaction for NK is significante.And the efffect of application of fertilizer on the growth of DBH is consistent with the height growth.(5)The application of fertilizer has significant effect on the triterpenoid content of Euscaphis konishii Hayat.Somewhat increasing the amount of fertilizer can promote the formation and accumulation of triterpenoid compounds in Euscaphis konishii Hayat.The model of the relation of thetriterpenoid content to application offertilizer is Y=4.078+0.118xi+0.072x2+0.007x3-0.0O1xi2-0.001xix2+0.001xix3+0.004x2x3-0.001x32-0.005x22,then it can figure out that the best fertilization amount of N,P and K for one plant respectively isl64.5g,125.25g and 336.25g.The interaction among the three kinds of fertilization is:PK>NK>NP.The interaction of PK or NK is positive effect,but it is negative for NP.And the interaction for PK is significante.The model of the relation of thetriterpenoid content to the application ofnitrogen,phosphorus and potassium respectively is Y=-0.0014x2+0.1341x+5.078,Y=-0.005x2+0.2434x+5.103 and Y..0.0014x2+0.1326x+4.855.From the above three modles it can figure out that the best amount of nitrogen,phosphorus or potassium is 47.89g/plant,24.34g/plant or 47.36g/plant.(6)The ethyl acetate extracts of Euscaphis konishii Hayat show significant or extremely significant inhibitory to HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cells,and the inhibitory shows significant time and dose independent.Compared with 48h,the inhibition rate is increased sinificantly in 72h,and the highest inhibition rate is 81.53%.The IC50 of the extracts of Euscaphis konishii Hayat collected from all the three cultivated area shows that the effect of peel and shoot was better than that of seed and leaf.(7)Cultivation area and havest time have significant effect on the inhibitionrate of the extracts of Euscaphis konishii Hayat to HepG2.But because the particular cell characteristics and physiological processes in different parts of Euscaphis konishii Hayat,the anticancer responses of different parts to the change of cultivation area is not consistent.Low temperature in winter is conducive to the accumulation of Euscaphis konishii Hayat anticancer active substances.The antitumor activity of the extracts of Euscaphis konishii Hayat collected in March is higher than that in November,so it is the best harvest time before the new leaves bloom in March.(8)Application of fertilizer has significant effect on the antitumor activityof Euscaphis konishii Hayat extracts.Combined fertilization of nitrogen,phosphate and potassiumcan significantly affectthe antitumor activityof Euscaphis konishii Hayat extracts.The model of the relation of theantitumor activity to application of fertilizer is Y=0.993-20.974x1-27.161x2-3.338x3+320.975x12+26.619x1x2-218.594x1x3-726.254x2x3+327.932x32+1242.299x22,thenit can figure out that the best fertilization amount of N,P and K for one plant respectively is48.096g,24.529g and 48.281g.In this case,the IC50 of Eascaphis konishii Hayat leaves extracts on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 is 0.075mg/ml,and the inhibition rate is the highest.Inaddition,there existes an interaction range betweenphosphorus and potassium,nitrogen and potassium.The models of the relation of theinhibitory of the leaves extracts to application ofnitrogen,phosphorus and potassium respectively is Y=302.8x229.834x+0.8327,Y=1176x2-58.828x+0.8487,Y=293.2x2-29.61x+0.8683.From the above three modles it can figure out that the best applied amount of nitrogen,phosphorus or potassium is 49.26g/plant,20.016g/plant or 50.495g/plant. |
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