| Farmland is the guarantee of comprehensive grain production capacity,and it also provides guarantee for China’s sustainable development and social progress.With the development of new urbanization,the promotion of industrialization and the rise of opportunity cost of rural labor,a large number of young and middle-aged laborers have been engaged in non-agricultural production from rural areas,resulting in the farmland abandoning,which is influencing China’s food security.This paper aim at researching the identification methods and spatial patterns of abandoned farmland,comprehensively analyzing the causes of the abandoned farmland,and proposing targeted countermeasures for the protection of abandoned farmland,which will lay the foundation for the composition of the“three-in-one”protection pattern of farmland quantity,quality and ecology.Under the guidance of sustainable development theory,land intensive use theory,location theory,and farmland scarcity theory,This paper takes the abandoned farmland as the research object,firstly define the connotation of abandoned farmland,construct its spatial identification system,using land use status and remote sensing image data to identify abandoned farmland which combined with sampling verification methods.Secondly,this paper analyze the current situation of the spatial pattern of farmland from the two aspects of spatial composition and spatial pattern.Then,based on the extraction of model variables and spatial heterogeneity test,a spatial analysis model was constructed to analyze the influencing factors of abandoned farmland.The geographical weighted regression model(GWR)was used to analyze the contribution factors and location differences of abandoned farmland impact factors.Finally,based on the contribution factor and location difference of the impact factors,we clustered the type of farmland,and the targeted countermeasures were proposed.The main findings are as follows:(1)The spatial pattern of abandoned farmland shows that in 2017,there were a total of1368.23 hm~2 of farmland in Lianjiang City,and the abandonment rate was 1.57%.The farmland types were mainly dry land,mostly in the high hill area of the north and northwest of the study area,the southeast and the low hilly areas in the central part;the dryland type of abandoned farmland has the highest degree of fragmentation and irregular shape.There is no large-scale farmland reclamation in the three types of farmland.The paddy field in the northern part of the study area is the most serious,where the map spot is fragmented.The paddy field in the southeastern part of the study area is also more serious.Through the analysis of the spatial pattern structure and characteristics of abandoned farmland,the slope,slope direction,map fragmentation degree and farmland quality are included in the range of influencing factors of abandoned farmland.(2)Through regression model parameter analysis,the geographically weighted regression model can better explain the relationship between abandoned farmland and its impact factors.According to the analysis of the factors affecting the abandoned farmland by geographically weighted regression model,the factors affecting the agricultural production conditions in the northern part of the study area include the average elevation,the fragmentation degree of the land and the average soil quality.The socio-economic factors include the density of average of the rural roads and the value of agricultural production in per square meter.The labor characteristic factors are the agricultural labor density.The agricultural production conditions affecting the farmland in the southwestern part of the research area mainly include the distance from the plot to the forest,and the socio-economic factors include the agricultural output value;the agricultural land in the southeast of the study area is affected.The factors of agricultural production conditions mainly include the average quality and fragmentation degree of the soil.The socio-economic factors mainly cover the road density and the distance from the town;the spatial difference of the influence of farmland water conservancy facilities and rural road density on the whole study area is low.(3)Through clustering research,the abandoned arable land is divided into five categories,including economic type abandonment,ecological type abandonment,natural production condition type,wild type,and suburban type.Economic type abandonment is mainly affected by social and economic factors.Ecological type abandonment is mainly affected by special ecological environment such as mangrove forest and beach coating.Natural production conditions are mainly affected by natural production conditions.Wild type is the influencing factor of various types of wasteland.As a result of the comprehensive effect,the suburban type is distributed in the urban-rural integration zone,which is mainly affected by urban expansion.In addition,there are significant regional differences and area differences in the types of farmland,and the types of abandoned land have their own characteristics.After analyzing all kinds of abandoned farmland,this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions for all kinds of abandoned farmland:natural production conditions type need to increase the consolidation of arable land,and at the same time improve the quality of farmland and improve agricultural output value through science and technology.Economic type abandonment requires the government to increase investment in agricultural funds,strengthen policy support in the field of agricultural production,implement the"separation of powers",and force the liberalization of the management rights of farmland;remediation of complex land reclamation requires the creation of an externally favorable environment;The key to reducing ecological type abandonment is to improve the level of science and technology,improve the nature of rice seeds and soil,and adapt it to specific ecological environment;the management of suburban type abandonment requires policy guidance and restriction,and establish the accountability system of supervision,rewards and punishments for farmland abandonment. |
