Research On High-Yield Formula And Technology Of Stropharia Rugoso-Annulata Based On Peach Sawdust

In order to explore the optimal formula and technology of peach sawdust for high-yield cultivation of Stropharia rugoso-annulata,and to clarify the relationship between the utilization of lignocellulosic and the change rule of its degrading enzyme and yield during Stropharia rugoso-annulata growth,this article sets up two processes(raw material,fermented material),three formulas(containing different proportions of peach sawdust 80%,60%,40%)total 6 For each treatment,comprehensive comparison of mycelial growth,physical and chemical properties,changes in lignocellulose components and degrading enzymes,agronomic properties,yield and other indicators.The results are as follows:1.The sawdust content in the formula is significantly negatively correlated with the growth rate of mycelium.Uncooked meal formula S-3(peach sawdust 40%,corn cob 30%,corn stalk 30%)has the fastest mycelial growth rate but poor hypha growth,followed by raw meal formula S-2(peach sawdust60%,corn cob 20%,corn stalk 20%)and fermentation feed formula F-3(peach sawdust 40%,corn cob30%,corn stalk 30%),both have good hypha growth.2.Studies on the physical and chemical properties of each treatment show that during the fermentation period,the water content decreases first and then increases.The p H value increases significantly during the dumping period and decreases in the later period of the fermentation.The carbon and nitrogen content of the substrate gradually decreases as the fermentation progresses.During the mycelial growth stage,the water content of all formulas dropped significantly,p H dropped from6.35～7.31 to 5.18～6.29,the culture material gradually acidified,the carbon content of the raw material decreased to 25.92%～32.96%,and the fermentation material decreased to 31.02%～43.52%.The nitrogen content of raw meal is reduced to 0.87%～1.2%,and the nitrogen content of fermentation feed is reduced to 0.96%～1.32%.The C/N decreased from 23.44～42.07 to 27.07～37.73.Compared with fermented materials,raw materials could promote the absorption of nutrients in culture materials by mycelium.Ash content and EC value increased significantly,among which the mycelial growth rate was significantly positively correlated with ash content,was significantly negatively correlated with carbon content,and was extremely significantly negatively correlated with nitrogen content.During the fruiting stage,the water content and C/N continued to decrease,the p H rose slightly,and the EC value showed a trend of first decline and then rise.3.The study of lignocellulose and its degrading enzymes in each treatment show that during fermentation,the relative content of hemicellulose is reduced from 19%to 25%to 15%to 21%,and the xylanase activity ranges from 1.95 to 3.51 U/g,Significantly higher than laccase and filter paper cellulase,consume a lot of hemicellulose at this stage.The relative content of cellulose increased from29%～33%to 35%～37%,the cellulase activity of filter paper was between 1.72～2.98 U/g,and the cellulose was partially degraded.The relative content of lignin did not change significantly during this period and no laccase activity was detected.During the growth stage of mycelium,lignocellulose degraded in a large amount in all formulations,of which cellulose degraded the most.Raw meal degraded lignocellulose more than fermented meal.The relative content of cellulose in raw meal is reduced to 15%～19%,and the relative content of fermented meal is reduced to 19%～26%.Cellulase activity increased significantly,among which raw meal(2.39～3.54 U/g)was slightly higher than fermented meal(2.05～3.32 U/g)but the difference was not significant.The relative content of lignin in raw materials is reduced to 10%to 14%,and the relative content of lignin in fermented materials is reduced to 12%to 23%.During this period,the overall degradation of lignin by raw meal was better than that of fermented meal,and its laccase activity was 5.60-10.55 U/g for raw meal and 3.11-11.61U/g for fermented meal.The relative content of hemicellulose in raw meal is reduced to 15%～17%,and the relative content of fermented meal is reduced to 19%～26%.The activity of xylanase increased significantly,and the raw meal(4.45～5.80 U/g)was significantly higher than the fermented meal(4.22～4.67 U/g).In the fruiting stage,Stropharia rugoso-annulata preferentially degrade cellulose,and the relative content of cellulose is between 14%and 24%.The cellulase activity of filter paper was maintained at a high level(1.52～3.96 U/g);followed by hemicellulose,the relative content of which was between 13%and 17%.The activity of xylanase also remained at a high level(5.53～7.83 U/g);the relative content of lignin was between 25%and 37%,and the level of laccase activity was low(0.51～2.50 U/g).4.The results of agronomic traits and yield measurement show that the fermented material is easy to cultivate fruit bodies with greater hardness.The yield of raw material is significantly better than that of fermented material.In the same process,the smaller the proportion of sawdust,the higher the yield of one-tide mushroom.The fruit body of S-2 has better agronomic characteristics,and the fruit body is short and thick,which can produce more first-grade mushrooms.S-2 and S-3(1.58 kg/m~2)have the highest yield per unit area,followed by F-3(1.22 kg/m~2).On the whole,S-2 and S-3 are the best formulas.5.In the analysis of nutritional quality,raw meal is better than fermented meal in ash,crude protein and amino acid content.The ash content of raw meal(7.15%～7.70%)is significantly higher than that of fermented feed(6.65%7.25%),and the proportion of wood chips is negatively correlated with ash content,with S-3(7.70%)being the highest,followed by S-2(7.38%).In terms of crude fiber content,F-3(9.60%)and S-1(9.40%)are the highest.The crude protein content and amino acid content were highest in F-2(35.13%,22.41%)and S-2(32.23%,22.60%).When the rate of peach sawdust in the recipe is 60%when the machine can produce the high value of nutrition of Stropharia rugoso-annulata.In summary,raw materials are more suitable for Stropharia rugoso-annulata.Among them,S-2and S-3 The two formulas are the best formulas for Stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation in Beijing.