| China is a large agricultural country,and agriculture has an indispensable position in our country.It is the cornerstone of China ’ s stable development.Especially under the impact of various natural disasters and new crown epidemics,the role of food security has become increasingly prominent.It is worth paying attention to adjusting the planting structure and promoting food production.Northwest Liaoning occupies an important position in China ’ s food industry.Therefore,in view of the unbalanced planting structure and single planting crop species in northwest Liaoning,this paper analyzes the county-level agricultural data,daily precipitation and temperature data in northwest Liaoning based on statistical analysis and geospatial analysis,and uses standard deviation ellipse analysis method and gravity center model to analyze the change of planting area and yield in northwest Liaoning.The spatial structure of crops was analyzed by Arc GIS spatial analysis method and planting type division,and the evolution characteristics of planting structure in this area were studied.Then the wavelet analysis and Mann-Kendall test were used to analyze the driving factors affecting the change of planting structure,and the model of potential factors affecting crops was established to explore the influence of potential driving factors on planting structure.Finally,the optimization control strategy was provided.The conclusions are as follows :(1)In recent 10 years,the planting area of crops in northwest Liaoning increased by17.7 %.Soybean planting area decreased by 63 %,corn planting area increased by 23.6 %,rice planting area decreased by 28.3 %;The planting center of soybean is located in Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County,the planting center of corn is located in Chaoyang Beipiao City,the planting center of rice is located in Qinghe District and Kaiyuan District of Tieling City.(2)In the past 10 years,the planting structure of soybean,maize and rice in northwest Liaoning showed diffusion distribution.Increase in the transfer area of maize;There was no significant change in the overall number of soybean transfer areas;Transfer areas of rice decreased and transfer areas increased.The planting structure types in northwest Liaoning were mostly corn,followed by corn-vegetable type,corn-rice and vegetable-soybean ranked the next.(3)The model calculation showed that the total mechanical power,fertilizer amount and irrigation area had a positive correlation with the growth of soybean,and the regression coefficients were 0.159,0.246 and 0.024,respectively.The number of labor,the total power of chemical fertilizer and irrigation area had negative effects on maize growth,and the coefficients were-0.062,-0.086 and-0.022,respectively.Temperature,total mechanical power and agricultural irrigation area have a certain negative impact on the yield change of rice,among which total mechanical power has the greatest impact,followed by temperature and agricultural irrigation area.The amount of fertilizer and temperature and precipitation had a negative effect on vegetable yield.(4)Based on the analysis of impact factors on crops,the following countermeasures are proposed.For soybeans,mechanical coverage can be increased;For maize,ensure sufficient water,maintain humidity and adjust the growth adaptation of maize.For rice,publicity and guidance to increase the overall proportion of the workforce and agricultural machinery and equipment while appropriate use;For vegetables,select suitable low temperature growth environment,improve vegetable yield. |
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