Study Of Coordinate Adjectives In The Outline Of The Graded Vocabulary For HSK And Its Teaching Strategy

This paper takes the 463 coordinate adjectives in the outline of the graded vocabulary of HSK and textbook as the research object,and analyzes their syntactic and semantic expression,and proposes the strategies of the international teaching of Chinese.First of all,the grammatical structure and word building ability of coordinate adjectives are analyzed.There are three grammatical structures of coordinate adjectives:“adjective morpheme+adjective morpheme”“verb morpheme+verb morpheme”“noun morpheme+noun morpheme”.Among them,the number of the structure“adjective+morpheme”the most.There are 446 morphemes,accounting for 96.3%of the total number of morphemes.In addition,morpheme₁and morpheme₂are mostly self-forming morphemes,followed by free morphemes and locating morphemes are the least.In terms of word formation,there are 8 combinations of morpheme₁and morpheme₂:M_sf+M_sf、M_sf+M_f、M_sf+M_l、M_f+M_sf、M_f+M_f、M_f+M_l、M_l+M_sf、M_l+M_sf.Wherein,M_sf+M_sf、M_f+M_sf、M_sf+M_fare the main ways of word building,which are 213（46.0%）、83（17.9%）、80（17.3%）respectively.Secondly,it analyzes the semantic features of coordinate adjectives.Its adjective morphemes and the semantic include six categories:morphology、awareness、character、nature、talent and situation;the verb morpheme include four categories:psychological activities、sports changes、body movements、dailr activities;the noun morpheme include four categories:abstract things、concrete things、people、time and space.There are four kinds of semantic relations among morphemes:similar combination;associate combination;opposite combination and partial combination.There are chiefly 5 kinds of relations between morpheme meaning and word meaning:direct realization;direct addition;direct supplement;direct derogation and indirect transference.Among them,the whole meaning of the“AA”type of coordinate adjectives consist of direct realization、addition、supplement or derogation of morphemes.The overall meaning of adjectives“VV”type and“NN”type are mainly composed of indirect transference between morpheme and morpheme.Thirdly,the author analyzes the problems of coordinate adjectives in the international teaching of Chinese.There are three major problems in the distribution of coordinate adjectives in The Outline and the textbooks:the distribution of coordinate adjectives in The Outline is not consistent with that in the textbooks;the coordinate adjectives of textbooks which has supplemented are a little bit difficult;the commonly used coordinate adjectives are not included in The Outline.In the textbooks,there are five problems in the explanation of these adjectives:using the same explanation to explain the different words;to paraphrase with difficult words;to paraphrase with a synonym;to paraphrase with new words and the meaning of paraphrase is not equal to the paraphrased.word.On the basis,the errors made by foreign students in making use of these words are investigated,and the types of errors are summarized,which are primarily classified into three categories:the misuse of synonymy adjectives,improper collocation,mixing with other parts of speech.Finally,the author puts forward the international teaching of Chinese strategy of coordinate adjectives.This paper talks about the teaching method of coordinate adjectives from the grammatical level and the semantic level.The grammatical level mainly includes two kinds:pointing out the compositional nature of morphemes;highlighting the meaning of morphemes which are good at word building.From the perspective of the semantic level,there are three types:morpheme-meaning separation and integration;supplement of morpheme-meaning;comprehensive interpretation.From the angle of error analysis and students’Chinese level,this paper puts forward the teaching strategies of coordinate adjectives which consist of five types:strengthen comparative discrimination;pay attention to teaching strategies;emphasize the constructional law of the coordinate adjectives;attach importance to the teaching of coordinate adjectives in the primary stage and encourage practice.Based on the above teaching analysis,this paper designs the teaching plan of coordinate adjectives from the instance of“adjective morpheme+adjective morpheme”“noun morpheme+noun morpheme”.This paper makes an in-depth investigation and research on the coordinate adjectives in the Syllabus and the textbooks,and applies the result of analysis to the teaching plan designment with coordinate adjectives in the international teaching of Chinese,hoping to contribute to the work.