The Semantic Function Research Of “X Shi” Modal Words Based On The Corpus

Based on corpus,modality theory,semantic functional grammar,subjectivity and subjectivization theory,systemic functional grammar theory,emergence grammar theory and so on,this paper studies the semantic functions and differences of "X Shi" modal words.Based on the previous research results and dictionary interpretation,this paper defines 48 modal words of "X Shi" in modern Chinese,and classifies them from the perspectives of syllable number,word nature,modal semantics,cohesive function,expressive function,cohesive degree,focus type,etc.,and analyzes the interactive relationship between "X" and "Shi",This paper points out the access conditions of "X" and the effect of semantic accumulation of "Shi" on "X Shi".Then,the paper selectively studies the "X Shi" modal words,including case study,comparative study,common study and individual study.Specifically,it selects the polysemy modal words "Hai Shi,Suan Shi" and deviated from the expected meaning modal words "Pian Shi,Ying Shi,Jiu Shi" as the research objects,and summarizes the following conclusions:First,the semantic functions of "Hai Shi" are deviating from expected meaning and selective meaning.The meaning of deviation from expectation is extended from the meaning of continuance,which can be divided into the meaning of anti expectation and the meaning of exceeding expectation;The meaning of choice emerges in the question of choice,and extends to the meaning of choice,will,prayer,suggestion and cognition,among which the meaning of cognition includes five semantic patterns."Hai Shi" has the function of transition,concession and summary,and can convey the emphasis and ease tone.Second,"Pian Shi,Ying Shi,Jiu Shi" are all evolved under the effect of reanalysis mechanism.The three emphasize that when the subjective will is inconsistent with the expectation,"Ying Shi,Jiu Shi" highlights the subject’s tenacity or obstinacy,"Pian Shi" highlights the speaker or subject’s intentional violation of the expectation;When the objective fact is inconsistent with the expectation,expectation contains expectation and conveys the emotion of complaint and blame;Expectation contains no expectation and conveys praise or unexpected emotion;All of them can be located after the subject and have the function of transition cohesion,"Pian Shi" can also be located in front of the subject,which has the strongest cohesive function "Ying Shi" and "Pian Shi" can be used as contrast focus and focus mark,while "Jiu Shi" can only be used as contrast focus.These differences are due to the influence of semantic accumulation.Thirdly,the semantic function of "Suan Shi" includes subjective modality and communication function.Subjective modality has weak emphasis and low recognition.Among them,weak emphasis conveys praise tone,questioning and blaming tone and epiphany tone;Low recognition conveys euphemistic mood,indefinite mood and concession mood.The function of transmission includes assertion function and summary function."Jiu Suan Shi" and "Ke Suan Shi" have the same form but different internal structure,the two structures have different semantic functions and stress positions due to different structures.