A Study On The Types Of Compulsory Education Schools And Their Distribution Patterns Based On Socio-spatial Segregation ——Taking Dalian Junior High School As An Example

Compulsory education as a part of public services,equity is an important concern of the government and the people.Under the people’s pursuit of high-quality compulsory education resources,the phenomenon of education segregation between regions,between urban and rural areas,and between schools is obvious.Under the concept of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education,it is of dual significance to study the current situation of the development of compulsory education and grasp the regularity and characteristics of educational differentiation.From the perspective of social spatial integration,on the basis of constructing framework in across-school segregation of compulsory education,using the multi-dimensional data such as the educational resources,teaching achievements and students’ family background of junior high school in Dalian in 2015,on the basis of analyzing the state of division among social groups and their spatial performance in factor analysis,the basic types of school and their spatial distribution characteristics are summarized,and the spatial pattern on across-school segregation in compulsory education is summarized.Finally,the influencing factors of social-spatial segregation of compulsory education are analyzed,and corresponding countermeasures are proposed.The main conclusions of this thesis are as follows:Firstly,This study argues that there are four types of middle school within the municipal area,namely,school for children of urban integrated social groups with good academic performance,school for children of industrial workers and general technicians with general academic performance,school for children of teachers,administrators of government and enterprises and professional technical personnel with excellent academic performance,and school in rural areas with worse academic performance but where the educational resources per capita were abundant.Secondly,four types schools are distinct within the municipal area,forming five educational circles from the inside out,namely,the urban center education circle,the urban suburban education circle,the urban new district education circle,the peripheral urban education circle and the peripheral rural education circle.Type I school dominate the urban center education circle,Type II school are concentrated in the middle three circles,playing a major role in the urban new district education circle,Type III school are distributed in the inner three circles,especially the urban center education circle,and Type IV school dominate the peripheral rural education circle.Educational resources distribute alternately of high and low among the educational circles,and teaching achievements and the socio-economic status of students’ families are gradually reduced from the center to the periphery.Thirdly,influencing factors of social-spatial segregation of compulsory education mainly include three aspects: family,city and policy,from the perspective of family,the socio-economic characteristics of families,such as occupation,income,education level affect living,school choice,relocation and a series of behaviors,resulting in obvious social-spatial segregation characteristics of education.From the perspective of the city,the population size and agglomeration characteristics affect the agglomeration of educational resources and education consumers,the natural geographical conditions and spatial structure evolution of the city determine the spatial distribution characteristics and historical accumulation of educational resources,and the development of urbanization also affects the development of education to a certain extent.From a policy perspective,the household registration system,the school district system,and the housing distribution system will all affect the social and spatial division of education in different aspects.