Study On The Institutional Pension Willingness Of The Elderly And Its Influencing Factors

The aging of population in China has always been followed by such features:large scale of elderly population,rapid aging speed,obvious trend of aging population and unprepared for the aging.Under the background of aging population,the problem of caring for the elderly has become a prominent social problem.On one hand,with the advancement of modernization,great changes have taken place in the family structure and demographic structure in China.The function of family supporting has gradually weakened.There is a big gap between the resources for the elderly that family can provide and the need of the elderly.On the other hand,There are several reasons to explain why it has not been able for us to establish a systematic pension system throughout the country.Firstly,it is because Chinese socialized pension system has a weak foundation with a late start and its insufficient experience.Secondly,due to Chinese vast territory,the economic and social development between different regions and ethnic groups is not balanced.Responding to the problem of aging population is not only the responsibility of the government,but also one of the key livelihood issues for the public to pay attention to.Under such a social background,how to achieve a happy and decent life for our vast elderly group not only depends on the macro top-level design,but also related to individual’s deep thinking,active participation and hard work.This paper researches these person who are over 60 years old by analyzing the data of the 2012 CLASS from three aspects of individuals,families and society by using descriptive statistics,correlation analysis and regression analysis.And then it compares the factors which affect the willingness of institutional pension between urban elderly group and rural elderly group.The aim is to understand the current situation of the elder’s institutional pension willingness and the factors affecting their willingness in the current social situation that China has experienced a deep transformation on economy and society.This research is done in order to provide useful reference for the formulation of future pension policies,the planning and layout of elder’s institutions and the improvement of the service system for the elderly.The study finds that the elder’s willingness of institutional pension is not strong,and the number of the elderly who did not have institutional pensions was three times the number of the elderly who have institutional pensions in all the samples surveyed.Thinking from the Aspects of individual,family and society respectively,it finds that each aspect has relevant factors that affect the elder’s willingness of institutional pension.Specifically,the social-economic status,physical condition,subjective psychology of individual aspect,the demographic structure,the residential and inter-generational relationships of family aspect,and social security,social participation,community service of social aspect,all of which are the factors of the elder’s institutional pension willingness.Based on the factors of individual-family-society,it finds that the elder’s institutional pension willingness is affected by multiple factors.The household register,age,physical condition,mental health,pension concept,whether the elder’s parents are alive or not,community public care services.,the degree of supply and the demand for the community’s public aged care services affect the elder’s willingness to go to the institutional pension.In addition,there are similarities and differences between the factors affecting the institutional pension willingness of urban elderly and rural elderly.After comprehensive analysis of all factors,it finds that individual factors only have a significant impact on the institutional pension willingness of urban elderly.Family factors will only affect the institutional pension willingness of rural elderly,but social factors will affect the institutional pension willingness of both urban elderly and rural elderly.Moreover,the degree of social influence on the institutional pension willingness of the urban elderly is greater than that on the rural elderly.