Research On Chongqing Bar Association During The Capital Period

The "capital" period is a very unique period in modern Chinese history.During the fierce anti-Japanese war,in order to fight the Japanese invaders,the National Government regarded Chongqing as the wartime capital,often referred to as the "capital".With the relocation of the National Government to Chongqing,a large number of ethnographers and celebrities with national consciousness and rich knowledge gathered in Chongqing and joined the Chongqing Bar Association to strengthen the strength of the Association.They used the law and their wisdom to make important contributions to the protection of human rights during the War of Resistance,the construction of democratic constitutionalism,and the promotion of China’s rule of law practice.According to investigations,the academic circles have long neglected the establishment,operation,and effectiveness of the Chongqing Lawyers Association in this particular period.Therefore,this article hopes to fill this research gap and contribute meager strength to the study of the history of the Chinese lawyer system.The lawyer system was an important part of the legal system in the Republic of China,especially the judicial system.The bar association system was derived from the lawyer system.This system was the product of the transplantation of European and American lawyer systems in order to protect the interests of lawyers and maintain judicial independence during the period of the Republic of China.It has the functions of managing lawyers,protecting the rights of lawyers,and directly or indirectly protecting the rights of citizens.Since the birth of the Bar Association in Shanghai in 1912,its internal organization and operation mechanism have been continuously improved,and it has also played a better role.After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War,as a large number of legal professionals moved to Chongqing following the National Government,the number of personnel in the Chongqing Lawyers Association soared.At the time of national life and death,the Chongqing Lawyers Association in the period of the capital showed its protection of citizens’ rights and interests and political participation Unique role.This article takes the Chongqing Lawyers Association as the topic during the period of the capital,and attempts to understand its organization,function,and participation in judicial and political activities.It explores the special historical status,social role,and influence of the Chongqing Lawyers Association during the period of the capital.The understanding of the judicial system of the Chinese capital has gained some enlightenment from the contemporary.The first part of this article discusses the establishment of the Chongqing Bar Association.Taking Chongqing as the "capital" as the dividing point,the development process of the Chongqing Bar Association is divided into two periods: before the capital and the period of the capital.This article discusses the development of the Chongqing Law Association before becoming the capital and the Chongqing Law Society during the period of the capital.New changes and its background,so as to explore the development process of Chongqing Lawyers Association in a panoramic way.Moreover,in this section,the emergence and development of the Bar Association system during the Republic of China is also discussed,and the continuity and continuity of the development of the Chongqing Bar Association during the period of the capital were found.The second part of this article mainly discusses the constitution and functions of the Chongqing Bar Association during the period of the accompanying capital.That is to say from the perspective of the nature and functions of the Bar Association,the constitution of the system,and the functions and powers of the Bar Association.The focus of this section is on the functions and powers of member lawyers of the Chongqing Bar Association,including: 1.the right to review membership qualifications;2.the right to regulate members’ practice;3.the right to punish members;4.the protection of member practice right.The nature and functions of the Bar Association are the basis and basis for carrying out the work and exercising its functions and powers.Therefore,the first perspective of this part analyzes the nature and functions of the Bar Association.This section is a summary and analysis of the normative documents and management regulations of the Chongqing Lawyers Association.The third part of this article mainly reveals the two special effects of protecting the rights and interests of citizens and political participation of the Chongqing Bar Association during the period of the capital.With regard to the protection of citizens ’rights and interests,it mainly analyzes the special protection against Japanese military affiliates and the promotion of the civilian legal assistance movement to explore the Chongqing Lawyers Association’s participation in social activities from a purely legal management right in a substantive level to protect citizens’ rights.In terms of political participation,it mainly discusses from three perspectives: assisting the government to collect taxes,participating in the establishment of the Chongqing Economic and Law Commission,the Chongqing Bar Association and the Political Participation Council.It focuses on the participation of the Chongqing Lawyers Association in the National Government’s National Political Participation Meeting and theChongqing Provisional Political Participation Meeting,and explores the impact of this move on China’s political democracy and constitutionalization at the time.The fourth part of this article is to evaluate the Chongqing Bar Association during the period of the capital.It mainly reveals the specificity of the efficiency of the Chongqing Bar Association,the unique status of the Chongqing Bar Association and its causes,and the flaws in the duties of the Chongqing Bar Association.