The Research On Present Chinese Peasants' Non-institutional Political Participation

Political participation, as the important phenomenon in modernpolitical life, is an important index to measure political modernizationand it is also the important content of democratic construction. Alongwith the development of market economy and ceaseless deepening ofthe economic system reform, earthshaking change has happened inChinese rural areas, and peasants' enthusiasm in political participationrises high. On the one hand, they participate in the state's political lifecontinually through the institutional channel provided by the country.On the other hand, peasants' non-institutional political participationhas presented the expansion tendency and it also has new conditionsand characteristics since the institutionalization degree of ourcountry's political participation is not high.Through inspecting the condition of peasants' non-institutionalpolitical participation in recent years, the article finds that presentChinese peasants' non-institutional political participation mostlyfocuses on influencing and supervising the basic government's policyexecution. So, just starting out from this point, it is necessary to studysome specific methods to guild peasants' political participation fromnon-institutionalization to institutionalization.Then, based on the analysis of the phenomenon, the article putsforward its own views on the conception of present Chinese peasants'non-institutional political participation by using the variety of existingdefinitions of non-institutional political participation for reference. Italso describes the main methods, characteristics and a series of socialeffects of peasants' non-institutional political participation with somecases. Then pointing out that the main reasons which restrict thepeasants from participating in politics orderly by institutional methodsbut choose the non-institutional ones are including the disadvantages of the economy, institution and culture; the basic government,township leading cadres and peasants' flaws and their game,interest-accounting, rational choice aim at the condition they dealwith.In the last, the article starts from the characteristics of presentChinese peasants' non-institutionalization to institutionalization,points out that the fundamental routes to solve the problem and makechanges on the method of their political participation are includingdeveloping countryside's economy, transforming governmentfunctions, vigorous innovating and consummating institutionarrangement, for example, ensuring that the basic governmentcorrectly carries out the policies which made by the centralgovernment and welcomed by peasants according to the fact insteadof selectively executing even distorting them. In the meantime, wemust attach importance to improving the peasants and townshipleading cadres' qualities and cultivating new political culture.