The Winding Course Of The Route Army Left Detachment Into Xinjiang And Its Historical Contribution In Xinjiang

After the Long March(1934—1936),the Fourth Front Army of the Chinese Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army was ordered to cross the Yellow River to engage in the Ningxia Battle(1949).Against the backdrop of changing war situation where the Kuomintang adopted the strategy of besieging and chasing,the Red Army was forced to divide into two parts on both sides of the Yellow River.As a result,the Red Army on the west bank of the Yellow River established the Military and Political Committee of Western Route of Red Army,and changed the combat mission as“breaking through the distance".Since its establishment,the Western Route of Red Army had been kept at bay in a fierce battle with the enemy without any any backup until it ran out of ammunition and food supplies,though it was eventually defeated at the Hexi Corridor after 144 days during the westward march.To preserve the effective revolutionary strength,the left detachment of the Western Route of Red Army climbed over the unfrequented Qilian Mountains,crossed the vast expanse of the desert,had a bloody battle in Hongliuyuan without ammunition and energy,and eventually 437 commanders and fighters of the route broke out of the encirclement.Chen Yun and Teng Daiyuan,the representatives of the CPC Central Committee,succeeded in helping the left detachment of the Western Route of Red Army to enter into Xinjiang and established the anti-Japanese national united front with Sheng Shicai.In Xinjiang,commanders and fighters of the left detachment of the Western Route of Red Army and the party members and cadres sent from Yan’an were dedicated themselves to the great cause by taking up various positions of the Sheng Shicai-led government,made great contributions to the political,educational,cultural,and border defense’s development of Xinjiang at that time and made great efforts to the promote the positive image of the Communist Party of China in Xinjiang.What’ s more,the left detachment of the Western Route of Red Army turned the "New military camp" into a special force school specialized in building modern military techniques for the party and army.In the school,every commander and fighter studied the modern military technology assiduously.From the perspective of the telegraph texts by the Western Route of Red Army and the CPC Central Committee,in the paper,the author sorts out the process of formation,fight and failure of the Western Route of Red Army in terms of the background,analyzes the important historical roles played by the left detachment ofthe West Route of Red Army and the party members and cadres sent from Yan’an in politics,education,culture,border defense and other aspects of Xinjiang from the angle of the revolutionary activities,and describes how the left detachment of the West Route of Red Army studied the modern military technology in the special force school in Xinjiang in terms of historical facts.Finally,the left detachment of the West Route of Red Army and the party members and cadres sent from Yan’an had played an important role in publicizing Marxism-Leninism and progressive culture,awakening the patriotic consciousness of people of all ethnic groups,introducing the modern political system and political civilization and training a number of military talents for our party and army to lay a foundation for the building of organization and cultivation of cadres needed in the liberation cause of Xinjiang under the environment of multiple ethnic groups,multiple religions,multilingual and "Three No" principles in Xinjiang.In addition,the historical facts about how the left detachment of the left detachment of the West Route of Red Army and the party members and cadres sent from Yan’an successfully carried out the revolutionary activities in Xinjiang can be used for reference for the present work needed in developing Xinjiang.