The Study On The Implementation Logic Of Social Security Pilot Policy

Before carrying out every important reform or policy in China,we almost always choose to carry out policy pilot projects in some regions and then promote them.This kind of governance mechanism has a lasting and far-reaching impact on the contemporary national governance of our country.Since the 21 st century,China has gradually stepped into the era of social policy.As the main body of policy-making,the government has begun to pay more attention to the field of social security.China’s endowment insurance system,medical and health policies,urban subsistence allowance system,indemnificatory apartment policy and most of the social security system reform and policy creation have gone through the process of policy pilot from point to surface.Studying the formulation process of social security policy and rationalize the logic of its pilot practice is a rational choice to grasp the operation law of policy pilot and optimize the formulation process of policy.Based on the theme of "the study on the implementation logic of social security pilot policy",the thesis selects representative policy items from three major fields of social security,namely,the guarantee of subsistence allowances for urban residents system in the field of social assistance,the new rural social endowment insurance policy and the new health care reform of 2009 in the field of social insurance,and the moderately inclusive child welfare policy in the field of social welfare,to summarize and analyze the practice process of its policy pilot.Based on the theory of multi-source flow and the theory of induced and compulsory institutional change in New Institutional Economics,this paper constructs the theoretical analysis framework of social security policy pilot practice.Secondly,this paper divides the whole process of each policy pilot into two stages: pilot brewing and pilot promotion,and analyzes and comb them respectively.It is found that in the pilot pilot brewing stage,the spontaneous policy innovation behavior of local governments is generally triggered by a severe social problem.After that,the policy enters the agenda of the central government through multiple links such as scholars’ research,media reports,affirmation from superior leaders,work meetings,suggestions from the two sessions,and speeches from officials.In the pilot promotion stage,starting from the pilot led by the central government,the policy is finally established in the cycle of expansion,experience accumulation and summary.The whole policy pilot has experienced a process from the spontaneous induced institutional change led by the local government and other actors to the compulsory institutional change led by the central government.In the policy diffusion from point to surface,the policy has been gradually established.Finally,the paper compares the policy pilot paths of the four policies,finds out the same links,and sums up a practical logic of the social security policy pilot.That is: the emergence of social problems → local spontaneous policy experiment → scholars’ research→promotion by relevant departments→official speeches→the public reflects policy demands → central government-led policy pilots → expand pilots → accumulate experience→policy implementation.Moreover,since the new century,the role of news media has become more and more prominent in promoting the pilot decision-making.On this basis,this paper attempts to put forward a policy process theory of China’s social security policy — "E-Rao Speed" theory,that is,the formulation of China’s social security policy adopts a gradual way which goes through multiple links,multiple arguments and small steps.This way of policy-making shows that China’s social security policy-making is developing towards a more scientific and democratic direction.However,in the policy pilot practice,we should also pay attention to improving the efficiency of policy-making and strengthening the top-level design of the system.