| As one of the earliest anti-Japanese base areas established by the Communist Party of China,Shandong Anti-Japanese Base Area played an important role in leading the army construction,democratic regime construction,rent reduction and interest reduction,and mobilization of the masses,which had a very important strategic value for the Chinese revolution.The rent reduction and interest reduction movement was a unique land policy during the Anti-Japanese War.Why did the masses in the anti-Japanese base areas of Shandong actively participate in the rent reduction and interest reduction movement? No matter be active or passive,no matter be sincere or deal with,the rent reduction and interest reduction movement of shandong anti-japanese base area finally got the enthusiastic support of the masses,which made shandong anti-japanese base area’s struggle against the enemy persist for eight years,and finally won the victory.Even after the victory of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,the broad masses still closely united around the Communist Party of China.Why did the Communist Party of China’s rent and interest reduction campaign succeed in the anti-Japanese base area of Shandong? This is inseparable from the mass mobilization work in the Shandong Anti-Japanese Base Area.In the face of the national crisis,a national anti-Japanese national united front was established under the CPC’s proposition and initiative.In order to effectively meet the needs of the masses,the CPC carried out extensive rent and interest reduction campaigns in the anti-Japanese base areas behind the enemy lines.However,in the early stage of the campaign,the rent reduction and interest reduction campaign in the anti-japanese base area of shandong was not carried out with vigour because the base area was initially established and the cadres of the party,government and army did not attach importance to the mass mobilization work subjectively.After Liu Shaoqi arrived in Shandong in 1942,he went deep into the countryside to explore the law,mechanism and method of mobilizing the masses to participate in the movement of reducing rent and interest,which made the cadres of the Party,government and army in the base areas deeply realize that the final victory of the Anti-Japanese War must rely on the power of the masses and effectively solve the needs of the masses.It is a key measure to improve people’s life on the basis of the anti-japanese national united front to carry out the campaign of reducing rent and interest.The mass mobilization in the rent reduction and interest reduction campaign in the anti-Japanese base area of Shandong experienced four stages in general,namely: The May Day rent reduction and the initial mobilization of the masses(1940-1941),the development of rent reduction and mass organization mobilization in the May Five-Year Plan(spring 1942-spring 1943),the stage of organizing and mobilizing the masses to launch the rent reduction and interest reduction movement(winter 1943-spring 1944),The stage of organizing and mobilizing the masses to conduct comprehensive investigation and reduction of pollution(spring 1944--1945).Although there are differences in each stage,the content of mobilization can be summarized as follows: prepare for mass mobilization by consolidating and developing the achievements of the united front and carrying out the democratic movement;Improve the organizational system by perfecting the Party organization,establishing local political power and reforming village politics;Establish a legal basis for the mobilization of the masses through the formulation of policies and decrees concerning rent reduction and interest reduction,equitable burden reduction,disaster reduction and people’s welfare;By building demonstration areas,demonstration bases and propagating advanced figures,advanced models are set up.Give full play to the appeal of mass organizations through the farmers’ rescue association,women’s rescue association,youth rescue association;Mobilization work should be carried out flexibly through civilian armed defense and literary and artistic propaganda.Through a series of efforts,the enthusiasm of the masses to participate in the struggle has been increased,the land system has been initially reformed,the democratic transformation of village politics at the grass-roots level has been basically completed,and rural culture has been innovatively developed.Thus it can be seen that Chinese Marxism is the theoretical basis for solving the problem of mass mobilization,carrying out the mass line is the foothold for solving the problem of mass mobilization,proceeding from reality is the fundamental premise of mass mobilization work,and flexible and effective mobilization measures are the methods and paths for mass work. |
