The Impact Of Basic Endowment Insurance On Family Intergenerational Support For The Disabled Elderly ——An Empirical Analysis Based On CHARLS Data

The accelerated development of China’s population aging process has brought unprecedented challenges to the traditional family pension.And for a long time,with social progress and economic development,China’s basic endowment insurance system has been continuously improved to ensure people’s life.However,due to “getting old before getting ready” and “getting old before getting rich”,the disabled elderly in China will face many problems in providing for the elderly in the future.In addition,people’s requirements for elderly care are increasing day by day,and the care tasks that families and society need to undertake in the practice of providing for the elderly will also face new challenges.Considering the gradual weakening of the role of the family in the elderly care,the Chinese government is constantly exploring and making efforts to establish a comprehensive social care system,in which the family and the social public sector jointly provide elderly care services for the disabled elderly.Whether the gradual implementation of this multi-agent care supply system can meet the long-term care needs of the disabled elderly in China and how to improve it has become a topic worthy of discussion.It mainly studies the interaction between the family and the public sector,will the intergenerational support of disabled elderly families change due to the intervention of the basic endowment insurance system? Will the total benefits for the disabled elderly be reduced?Therefore,this paper discusses the impact of basic endowment insurance on the intergenerational support of this group of families from the perspective of the total welfare of the disabled elderly,which is of great significance for a comprehensive understanding of the actual effect of basic endowment insurance.Specifically,this study aims to study the absolute and relative contribution of basic endowment insurance to the family support of the disabled elderly,and further investigate the interaction mechanism between basic endowment insurance and family in the process of providing care to the disabled elderly.The study explains the impact of basic pension insurance on the intergenerational support of disabled elderly families from three dimensions: life care,spiritual comfort and economic support using data form 2011,2013,2015 and 2018 drawn from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study（CHARLS）.This paper explains the impact of basic pension insurance on the intergenerational support of disabled elderly families from three dimensions: life care,spiritual comfort and economic support.This paper makes an empirical test by using the least square method（OLS）and the individual fixed effect model（FE）.Then,the panel binary selection model（xtlogit）and instrumental variable method（IV）are used to test the robustness,and empirically investigate the impact of social pension on family pension in China’s disabled elderly pension system,that is,does social pension replace family pension or supplement family pension.The results show that children’s economic support and non economic support for the disabled elderly have indeed changed due to the intervention of the basic pension insurance system,that is,social pension has replaced family support for the elderly to a certain extent.From the specific regression results of the three dimensions,the impact of the basic pension insurance system on the intergenerational support of disabled elderly families shows the characteristics of “localization”: the basic pension insurance has no significant impact on the life care support of the disabled elderly,but the spiritual comfort and economic support received by the disabled elderly are significantly reduced due to the basic pension insurance,and the negative effect is significant.The heterogeneity results show that the substitution effect of basic pension insurance varies with the degree of disability,gender and residential area.In particular,this phenomenon is more sensitive and significant for the elderly,women and rural residents with mild disability.Further research found that different types of basic pension insurance have different effects on intergenerational support of disabled elderly families.Based on the above basic conclusions,this paper further discusses the mechanism of basic pension insurance on spiritual comfort and economic support,and finds that housing arrangement plays a regulatory role in the relationship between basic pension insurance and spiritual comfort and economic support.This paper studies the disabled elderly from this special group.The conclusion is that social pension has a certain impact on family pension,and basic pension insurance affects the internal configuration and intergenerational communication of the family composition of the disabled elderly.Therefore,it will be a continuous development process to coordinate the relationship between basic pension insurance and family,promote their mutual complementarity and integration,and jointly assume the responsibility of ensuring the care needs of the elderly.At the same time,social pension cannot replace the security role of family in spiritual comfort and life care.Therefore,while improving the social pension,China should continue to support and develop the way of family pension and stabilize the security function of family in emotional comfort.Secondly,coordinate the relationship between the two,promote the good situation of integrated development,expand the social supply of pension resources,and gradually improve the pension welfare level of the disabled elderly.Finally,the government must develop and improve China’s pension insurance system,stimulate the development of social pension industry,improve the popularity of social pension resources,build diversified pension services,and improve the pension system for the disabled elderly.