Engels’ S New Development Of Scientific Socialism In His Later Years

As one of the founders of scientific socialism,Engels undertook the historical mission of independently guiding the international communist movement after Marx’s death.In the face of new changes in the development of capitalism and new subjects of the proletarian revolution,Engels creatively enriched and developed the idea of scientific socialism in his later years.Engels’ s ideas on scientific socialism in his later years were mainly manifested in four aspects: first,scientifically judged the everchanging development trend of capitalism;second,put forward new ways and methods for the proletariat to achieve its own liberation;third,actively explored the problem of the transition from capitalism to socialism;and fourth,scientifically explained the nature and basic characteristics of the future society.On this basis,we mainly grasp the spiritual essence of Engels’ s ideas on scientific socialism in his later years from four levels: on the question of capitalism,Engels’ s thinking in his later years has undergone a certain degree of change;on the question of proletarian revolution,Engels’ s thinking in his later years has undergone a very significant change;on the question of socialist construction,Engels’ s thought in his later years is a further supplement to the idea of scientific socialism;on the question of future society,from the perspective of the long course of history,In his later years,Engels adhered to the "theory of continuous development" and only made predictions on the direction of future social development,but did not depict details.By analyzing the new development of Engels’ s ideas on scientific socialism in his later years,it can be seen that the changes and development of Engels’ s thinking in his later years were to promote the epochal development of socialism on the basis of adhering to the basic principles of scientific socialism,which can effectively respond to the academic controversy at home and abroad about whether Engels gave up the basic principles of scientific socialism in his later years.Against the background of the era of unprecedented changes in a hundred years and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation,in-depth study and interpretation of Engels’ s method of developing scientific socialism in his later years has an important enlightening effect on discerning the new changes in contemporary capitalism and the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics.