Research On The Coordinated Development Of Population、Land And Economy In Ulaanbaatar City During The Process Of Urbanization

Urbanization is an important symbol of the socio-economic development of a country or region.Since the reform of the Mongolian government in the 1990 s,urbanization has developed rapidly.With the rapid development of urbanization,the coordinated development of population,land,and economy in the process of urbanization has received great attention from the Mongolian government and academia.As the capital of Mongolia,Ulaanbaatar is currently in a rapid urbanization phase.Rapid urbanization has led to uncoordinated population,land,and economic conditions in Ulaanbaatar.Therefore,research on the coordinated development of population,land,and economy,to accurately grasp the current urbanization development of Ulaanbaatar,guide the healthy development of future urbanization and the construction of China ’s “Belt and Road” and “China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor” Implementation is significant.Taking Ulaanbaatar City as an example,this paper determines the urbanization,population migration,urban space expansion,urbanization and economic development,and coordinated development of urbanization.Defined the related concepts of urbanization,the connotation of urbanization,coordinated development,and degree of coupling and coordination,Summarizing the theory of population migration,the theory of intensive land use,the theory of economic growth,and the theory of coordinated development,Constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system of urbanization based on population,land and economic perspectives,Through the statistics of population,land and economy of Ulaanbaatar from 2000 to 2018,Using entropy method and coupling coordination model,analyzing the Ulaanbaatar’s population,land,economic urbanization development level and coupling coordination degree,and put forward specific suggestions for the phenomenon of uncoordinated development.The research conclusions show that:From 2000 to 2018,the level of comprehensive urbanization in Ulaanbaatar has been increasing year by year,and it is now entering a period of rapid development.The level of urbanization of population,land,and economy has increased to varying degrees,but the level of urbanization development in different years is significantly different.From 2000 to 2009,the level of economic urbanization in Ulaanbaatar was higher than the level of urbanization in population and land.Guided urbanization;in2010,the level of population urbanization surpassed the level of economic urbanization,and realized a shift from economic urbanization-oriented to population urbanization-oriented and has maintained a dominant position as of 2018.From 2000 to 2018,the overall coupling and coordination of population-land-economy urbanization in Ulaanbaatar gradually increased,and it developed from a severely disordered type to a barely coordinated type.It can be divided into two phases: from 2000 to 2009,the coupling and coordination of the three were in a serious and moderate coordination stage;from 2010 to 2017,it was a transitional stage,and the coordination between the three was in a mild and imbalanced state.Medium;after 2018,population,land,and economic urbanization are barely coordinated.Of which: the level of population urbanization and land urbanization in Ulaanbaatar has continued to increase,from a lagging urbanization of population urbanization to a lagging urbanization of land urbanization,and the degree of coupling and coordination between the two has increased from 0.121 in 2000 to0.687 in 2018,experienced a transition from serious imbalance to primary coordinated development;the degree of coupling and coordination between population urbanization and economic urbanization rose from 0.157 to 0.655 from2000 to 2018,although the degree of coupling and coordination between the two was relatively low.At a low level,Ulaanbaatar’s population urbanization and economic urbanization failed to achieve a coordinated and synchronized development,but were in the process of continuous improvement;the degree of coupling and coordination between land urbanization and economic urbanization rose from 0.316 to 0.649.Before 2010,the degree of coupling and coordination between the two had changed little,the growth rate was slow,and they were in an out of phase.After 2010,the degree of coordination gradually changed to barely coordinated.Based on the analysis of the influencing factors of the long-term imbalance in the coordination of population,land,and economic urbanization in Ulaanbaatar,five feasible suggestions for the development characteristics of urbanization in Ulaanbaatar are proposed: First,speed up the construction of Ulaanbaatar’s sub-central city,bring into play the agglomeration effect of the sub-city,and reduce the The population pressure of the district;Second,rationally plan the land and realize the intensive use of urban land based on the concept of "efficient,green,and economical" urban construction;third,optimize the internal industrial structure,strengthen economic cooperation with the region,and promote The economy is moving forward.Fourth,increase the proportion of investment in productive and living infrastructure to enable residents to fully realize the benefits of economic growth and achieve the full development of society.Special plans that are conducive to ecological environment protection,to improve the utilization rate of resources inUlaanbaatar,to promote comprehensive urban and rural environment management and ecological restoration,to delineate ecological restoration areas,and to reduce ecological pressure.