Study On The Development Of National Chinese Normal College Of Martial Arts And Physical Education

At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China,the society was turbulent.With the emergence of the martial arts trend,the idea that martial arts could the country was gradually put forward.In order to improve the physical fitness of the people and break through the limitations of traditional education that emphasizes theoretical ideas and disregards physical health,martial arts and sports rose to the level of national education and began to be developed as a standardized discipline.The "National Chinese Normal College of Martial Arts and Physical Education" is not just a national sports school,but also a new paradigm of martial arts education and physical education under a special historical background.It has greatly changed modern China’s martial arts education and physical education.Its education ideas,teaching modes,teaching methods and training of teachers are of great significance to the transformation of modern martial arts.Taking the development and decline of the National Chinese Normal College of Martial Arts and Physical Education as an entry point,this study uses methods of documentation,expert interviews,logic and content analysis,etc.to examine the social background of its establishment and relocation,and its educational nature and educational strategy and talent training models via systematic historical demonstration.It was found that the Sports Training Institute attached to the Central National Academy of Art in April 1933 was the predecessor of the National Chinese Normal College of Martial Arts and Physical Education.Due to the urgent need for talents,as well as the corresponding construction and teaching facilities,theMinistry of Education approved the official establishment of the Central National Academy of Physical Education in 1933.At this point(1933),the prototype of the National Chinese Normal College of Martial Arts and Physical Education was established.During the period from 1933 to 1937 in Nanjing,it was the four years of rapid development of the Central National Academy of Physical Education.The teachers were abundant,the venues,administrative organizations and teaching systems were relatively complete.The school’s reputation had gradually increased.The War of Resistance against Japanese Invasion broke out in 1937,in order to avoid the artillery destruction,the school has tossed around Changsha,Guilin,Longzhou,Kunming,Chongqing and other places and insisted on running nevertheless,during which its teachers and administrative organizations had changed a lot and were almost nowhere to be found.Frequent migration of teaching and training venues also affected the normal development of school education.In view of the persevering and persistence of the teachers and students of the school,the Ministry of Education first established the school as "National" in July 1938,and then in April 1942,permitted it as a "Normal" school,and finally determined the name of the school as "National Chinese Normal College of Martial Arts and Physical Education".In August 1945,after the victory of The War of Resistance against Japanese Invasion,various facilities successively moved back to the original site.But not for the National Chinese Normal College of Martial Arts and Physical Education,whose site of Nanjing Xiaolingwei School was totally destroyed.Finally,Hebei Stadium(now the North Station Stadium)was selected as the new campus,and later the school merged with Hebei Provincial Women’s Teachers College in 1949.From then,National Chinese Normal College of Martial Arts and Physical Education,which trained a largenumber of national sports and sports talents during the Republic of China,no longer existed,but its historical influence should be remembered by future generations.National Chinese Normal College of Martial Arts and Physical Education was created under the idea that martial arts and national sports could save the country,which improved the physical fitness of Chinese people and achieved the purpose of "fighting against the foreign shames and insulting".The school was inclusive,taught Chinese and Western sports,and cultivated a large number of comprehensive talents with both martial arts and modern sports skills.It alleviated the lack of martial arts and sports teachers at that time.The name of the school was "Normal",which demonstrated that modern Chinese education emphasized on quality education and the standardization process of sports disciplines.The school combined theory and practice to train a large number of talents under special national conditions,which was not without reference to the goal of building a strong sports country in the context of the new era of China today.