Extracurricular Remedial Behavior Of Primary And Secondary School Students

The 19 th national congress of the communist party of China(CPC)proposed to "develop quality-oriented education" "solve the problem of excessive extracurricular burden" and "ensure the healthy growth and comprehensive development of primary and secondary school students".Carry out quality education,advocate to reduce the extracurricular burden of students,conducive to the free development of students.But according to the 2016 CFPS baseline survey,more than 30 percent of students are still attending after-school classes.This has led to the rapid development of various educational tutoring institutions in the social phenomenon,and the emergence of large social educational institutions such as "learning and thinking" and "new Oriental".Under the concept of reducing the burden of education,this kind of after-school cram school and social education institutions rebound growth,has attracted the attention of many researchers.Existing research shows that,on the one hand,after-school cram schools may bring new social inequality problems and impact on normal compulsory education and social mobility.On the other hand,receiving extracurricular tutoring is not necessarily conducive to the healthy growth of students,and it may even lower their academic performance.For example,based on their parents’ educational expectations and the excellent performance of their peers in cram school,students who participate in after-school cram school may be tired of learning,which is not conducive to their academic improvement.Starting from the reasons for the emergence and popularity of after-school cram schools,this paper holds that at present,in the stage of compulsory education,the competition between public schools and private schools for high-quality student resources is increasingly fierce,which constitutes the external environment for the rapid development of social education.In the early stage of junior college,in order to compete for high-quality students,all kinds of schools have adopted the way of independent enrollment and admission in advance.Either way,the core of its admissions basis is still the traditional "test-taking ability." In the actual operation process,all kinds of schools aremainly based on students’ achievements in school,as well as a variety of certificates,grades,including competitions,specialties,etc.,as the basis for enrollment.The result is that the test-taking ability is particularly important in the competition of primary and secondary schools.As a result,the competition for high quality resources shifted from the school education within the system to the social education outside the system,which promoted the rapid development of after-school cram school and other social education.Based on the expectation theory,group theory and consumption theory,this paper analyzes the expected income and expenditure cost of family extracurricular tutoring and discusses the decision-making mechanism of family extracurricular tutoring.In the cost-benefit analysis,this paper discusses the expected income of parents based on the expectation theory,and discusses the educational consumption tendency of parents based on the consumption theory.In this way,the competition for quality educational resources will be transferred from inside to outside the school,and the children of the dominant class are likely to get not only better school education,but also better social education.Therefore,the quality of after-school cram school will become the dominant class to maintain the educational advantage of another channel,which is the mechanism of the emergence and development of education society.After studying relevant literature,this paper establishes a behavior decision model of family extracurricular tutoring,and theoretically proves that the expenses of tutoring are restricted by a series of factors such as family income.The results show that the cost of after-school tutoring changes in the same direction as the income level,and the cost of after-school tutoring increases with the increase of income level,on the contrary,the cost of after-school tutoring decreases with the decrease of income.The cost of after-school tutoring and the expected income also change in the same direction,the expected income increases,the cost of after-school tutoring increases,on the contrary,the cost of after-school tutoring decreases with the decrease of the expected income.In the situation that the cost of after-class tutoring is more and more and the expected benefit is smaller and smaller,the disadvantages of going to after-class tutoring outweigh the advantages.In addition,the family’s educational decision is also influenced by the reference group effect.Finally,using the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)database,the empirical analysis ofthis paper shows that,at present,in the social education market,the family extracurricular tutoring behavior is indeed significantly restricted by the family economic budget,thus verifying the above theoretical analysis to a certain extent.Therefore,in order to correct the over-rapid development of extracurricular tutoring phenomenon and solve the dilemma of unequal distribution of educational resources in China,we must change the above-mentioned family education consumption behavior: first,establish a correct educational view.Through policy guidance and public opinion transmission,parents can be helped to establish a reasonable view of talent,rational treatment of the growth and success of children.Second,improve school education.Improving the quality of teachers’ teaching and providing high quality educational resources for children are also effective measures to restrain the behavior of family extracurricular tutoring.Third,we should standardize off-campus educational institutions.The administrative department of education shall,in conjunction with the relevant departments,comprehensively supervise the tutoring institutions such as after-school cram schools.Fourth,form a good public opinion atmosphere.The concept of social talents should be changed from "only educational background and qualifications" to "only ability" gradually,thus gradually changing the concept of parenting of parents and society.