Study On The Reproductive Willingness And Its Influencing Factors Of Women Of Childbearing Age With Only One Child In Jinan

Since the implementation of the "family planning" policy in 1982,China has made a series of achievements,but at the same time,China’s fertility policy is also facing practical challenges such as the continuous reduction of social fertility willingness and fertility level.In order to change the fertility intention of the people of childbearing age and improve the fertility level,China issued the "comprehensive two child" policy in 2016,but after the formal implementation of the "comprehensive two child" policy,China’s two child fertility rate has not been greatly improved.Although women of one child bearing age play a leading role in the birth of two children and enjoy the final decision-making power,the reproductive behavior of women of one child bearing age will have a profound impact on the family,society and the country,and the number of two children will have a direct impact on the change of China’s population structure.Therefore,it is of great significance for the target group to know and control the understanding and acceptance of the "comprehensive two child" policy,predict the fertility rate,evaluate and improve the "comprehensive two child" policy to understand and analyze the influencing factors.Taking Jinan City as an example,this study select 300 women of one child bearing age from eight districts and two counties of Jinan City as sample groups to conduct selfadministered questionnaire survey on their willingness to reproduce.Based on the theoretical model of low fertility rate,the theory of role conflict,the theory of quantity and quality substitution of children and the theory of cost-effectiveness of children,chi square test and logisti are used C regression model is used to analyze the influence of three different factors,such as individual characteristics,family characteristics and social characteristics,on the reproduction intention of women of one child’s childbearing age,to explore the correlation between different factors and the reproduction intention of women of one child’s childbearing age,and to put forward countermeasures and suggestions based on the reality.The results show that: first of all,women of one child childbearing age in Jinan are less likely to have another child than the ideal two child childbearing state;40.5% of women of one child childbearing age think that it is better to have two children 3-5 years after having one child;the reproductive gender preference of women of one child childbearing age is gradually weakening;from the perspective of reproductive motivation,the challenge of childbearing is more from the economic burden and the concern of two child care.Secondly,the reproductive intention of women of one child bearing age in Jinan City is affected by different factors in individual characteristics,family characteristics and social characteristics: from the perspective of individual characteristics,the reproductive intention of women of one child bearing age decreases first,then increases,then decreases with the increase of age;the reproductive intention increases first,then decreases with the increase of education background.From the perspective of family characteristics,women of one child and child-bearing age with "female single spouse is not independent" family structure,as well as women of one child and child-bearing age with strong concept of one child and child-bearing age with spouses and parents,have a stronger desire to have children again;the number of family property has a strong positive impact on women of one child and child-bearing age.From the perspective of social characteristics,the enthusiasm of urban women of one child childbearing age to choose to have two children is significantly lower than that of rural women of one child childbearing age;the concept of providing for the aged has a stronger desire for reproduction for women of one child childbearing age who need to provide for their children.In order to improve the one child childbearing age women’s willingness to give birth again and improve the population structure,based on the empirical analysis results,this paper puts forward six policy suggestions to improve the one child childbearing age women’s willingness to give birth again in Jinan: first,respect the childbearing choice of one child childbearing age women;second,pay attention to the medical and health care needs of elderly pregnant women;third,improve the maternity security measures for employed women;fourth,strengthen the supporting services for two child care The fifth is to meet the housing security needs of the second child family;the sixth is to increase the propaganda of the concept of second child bearing.