A Study On The Pension Anxiety Of Urban Only Child Parents And Its Influencing Factors

Since the 1980 s,the family planning policy has been implemented in China for more than 30 years.At that time,the basic national policy effectively alleviated the pressure of population growth and improved the quality of social population.However,it is also a double-edged sword.While solving the problem of rapid population growth,it also produced a large number of one-child families.According to statistics,by 2020,the number of only children in China is nearly 180 million.The large number of only child families formed by these only children are facing or will face unprecedented serious pension difficulties.The one-child families are mostly nuclear families,and their parents’ empty nest time is far longer than that of the non one-child families.Compared with the multi child families,the one-child families with the unique and irreplaceable characteristics of children have a weaker pension foundation.Then,the problems related to the pension of the one-child parents will gradually become an increasingly serious social problem in China.Population aging is one of the important symbols of social civilization and progress,and it is also a new normal that can not be reversed in the period of transformation.However,at present,China’s population aging is characterized by "getting old before getting rich" and "getting old before getting ready".Nowadays,China’s old-age security system needs to be improved,the development of old-age service is relatively backward,and the number of children is unique,The traditional family pension model is no longer enough to support the only child parents in their old age.The only child parents are facing many difficulties in three aspects: financial support,life care and spiritual comfort.They are also gradually aware of this problem,so they fall into the pension anxiety dilemma.Most of the previous studies focused on the parents of the first generation of onechild,but less attention was paid to the fact that the parents of one-child after 1990 will gradually enter the aging stage.In this paper,qualitative and quantitative methods are used for research and analysis.The research objects are the parents of the first generation and the only child after 1990 in urban areas.Taking the main urban area of Chongqing as the research site,relevant interviews and questionnaire data are collected.Through the analysis of the anxiety value of the only child parents in the three aspects of economic support,life care and spiritual comfort,as well as the results of typical case analysis Through logistic regression analysis,it is found that personal economic status,health status,satisfaction with endowment insurance,personal feelings(daily loneliness),spouse’s related situation and children’s related situation will have a significant impact on the endowment anxiety of urban one-child parents,and then according to the results Put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.