Regional Comparative Study On The Efficiency Of Scientific And Technological Innovation In Chinese Institutions Of Higher-Learning

Higher-education institutions are the main driving force of China’s scientific and technological innovation,an important force to promote the upgrading of industrial structure and high-quality economic development,and an important part of the regional scientific and technological innovation system.The scientific and technological innovation efficiency of colleges and universities has a great influence on the integrity of the innovation system and the innovation environment of the region and can promote regional economic growth and scientific and technological progress in China.In order to further improve the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation of colleges and universities in different regions of China and promote the coordinated development of regional education,culture and economy,this paper studies the current situation and efficiency of scientific and technological innovation of universities at different levels in China.Based on the systematic scientific and technological innovation,on the basis of related theories and literature,analyzes the current situation of the development of science and technology innovation in colleges and universities from the input,output and economic benefits three aspects.Then select the innovation-relevant data of 31provincial-level administrative region’s universities in 2009-2018,using DEA-Malmquist and DEA-BCC model,has carried on the overall to Chinese colleges and universities scientific and technological innovation efficiency evaluation,and from the ministries and commissions directly affiliated colleges and universities,the local colleges and universities of different diameter respectively on static efficiency and dynamic efficiency of scientific and technological innovation are compared,and the area and finally puts forward the countermeasures and Suggestions.The development of Chinese institutions of higher learning has gone through several rounds of readjustment and enrollment expansion,and the number of institutions and students has continued to grow.The construction of a multi-level higher education system centered on research,application and vocational skills has been basically improved.It is worth noting that there are obvious regional differences in China’s higher education resources.The high-quality resources are mainly concentrated in the eastern developed provinces with higher economic development level,while the less developed western provinces with lower economic development level are relatively few.Institutions of higher learning play an irreplaceable role in the innovation and development of science and technology in China.In general,the input and output of scientific and technological innovation in all parts of the country have maintained rapid and stable growth,but there are large regional differences.Among them,the eastern region occupies first place in terms of the total amount of each index,while the western region lags behind other regions.At the level of ministerial institutions,on the one hand,there are fewer institutions and the regional distribution is unbalanced.The innovation efficiency of each region is greatly affected by a single institution,which fluctuates greatly and irregularly.On the other hand,most of the resources invested in scientific and technological innovation by ministries and universities are from their competent departments,while the resources from local governments or enterprises and institutions are relatively small.Therefore,the relationship between the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation and the region in which it is located is weak,but it can still play a role in promoting regional economic growth and creating a good environment for innovation.On the whole,the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation of colleges directly under the Ministry of Education and Commission can keep fluctuating at a high level,but the static scale efficiency is slightly lower than the static technical efficiency,and the technological progress is significantly higher than the dynamic technical efficiency.The regions with more comprehensive universities and universities of science and technology performed better than those with more types of colleges and universities or those with liberal arts,medical sciences and agriculture and forestry.Analyzed from the level of local colleges and universities,the provinces with better performance in the efficiency and growth rate of scientific and technological innovation are mostly concentrated in the eastern and western regions.Eastern provinces due to its high economic level,the abundant education resources,college of science and technology innovation activities can provide quality technology and communication platform,at the same time its outstanding ability,management level and the allocation of resources so both static and dynamic efficiency is higher,but the apparent prep above is the scale efficiency,pure technical efficiency in parts of the existing resources waste phenomenon.The western region has a weak foundation of higher education and less investment in institutions and scientific research,which reduces the difficulty of its management and improves the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation.However,its pure technical efficiency is slightly lower than the scale efficiency,and most of the regions are in the state of increasing returns to scale.Therefore,attention should be paid to improving its scientific research ability and management level,so as to avoid the decline of efficiency caused by insufficient ability when expanding the teaching and scientific research scale.