Research On The Impact Of Science And Technology Innovation Policies On The Transformation Efficiency Of Scientific And Technological Achievements In Local Universities

As China’s economy enters the new normal,economic growth has shifted from highspeed to medium high-speed,and from factor investment driven to innovation driven.However,the increasing investment in science and technology has brought about rapid growth in scientific and technological output,but it has not correspondingly improved the actual productivity brought about by the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,and the innovation driven effectiveness has been affected.As the highland of scientific and technological resources,universities are the key force to promote the transformation of achievements,as well as the birthplace of original innovation and cuttingedge scientific and technological achievements.As the economic leader of the western region,Chongqing is the financial and economic center,shipping center,trade and logistics center,and an important strategic fulcrum of the Western Development in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.It is also the connection point between the "the Belt and Road" and the Yangtze River Economic Belt.It needs to put innovation at the core of the overall situation of modernization,promote the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements,and accelerate the construction of an influential national scientific and technological innovation center.This article selects Beijing,Shanghai,and Tianjin,which are also municipalities directly under the central government,as a comparison item for Chongqing.It classifies science and technology innovation policies into three types of policy tools: supply based,environmental based,and demand based.A total of 984 science and technology innovation policies issued by the four municipalities since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China have been collected.The collected policies are coded using the content analysis method and Nvivo12 Plus software,quantifying the science and technology innovation policy text into data for analysis.At the same time,the transformation process of scientific and technological achievements in universities is divided into two stages: the output stage of scientific and technological achievements and the transformation stage of scientific and technological achievements.Based on the data of scientific and technological activities of universities in four municipalities from 2012 to 2021,the current situation of scientific and technological achievements transformation in local universities in the municipalities is analyzed,and the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements in local universities in four municipalities is calculated using a two-stage network DEA model.Based on the policy tool theory,this article aims at the core issue of how scientific and technological innovation policies affect the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements transformation in universities,establishing a Tobit regression model to analyze the mechanism of scientific and technological innovation policies that affect the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements transformation in local universities.The following conclusions are drawn: 1.The use of technological innovation policy tools is uneven,with more supply based policy tools being used,while ignoring the use of environmental and demand based policies;2.The overall efficiency of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in local universities is low,and the efficiency of the output stage of scientific and technological achievements is higher than that of the transformation stage of scientific and technological achievements.However,on the whole,a large number of scientific and technological achievements in local universities are in the "sleep" stage,and do not play their economic value and social development value;3.Supply type policy tools,environmental type policy tools,and demand type policy tools have significant positive correlation with the overall efficiency of scientific and technological achievements transformation,the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements output stage,and the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements transformation stage in local universities.In response,Chongqing should further improve the construction of the policy system for scientific and technological innovation based on the actual situation,while ensuring consistency with the overall national policies,to effectively promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in local universities in Chongqing.In addition,when formulating scientific and technological innovation policies in Chongqing,various government departments should strengthen coordination and cooperation,gather scientific and technological innovation resources,and jointly promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in local universities.