Research On The Construction And Application Of STEM Teaching Mode To Promote The Development Of Primary School Students’ Design Thinking

Since entering the 21st century driven by the knowledge economy,innovative talents have received widespread attention,and countries around the world have introduced relevant policies to support the cultivation of innovative talents.As a high-level thinking unique to the human brain,design thinking can accurately locate the background of the problem through the appearance of things,and break through the constraints of thinking to find new ideas and new methods to solve problems.It is the core thinking of innovative talents and the development of design thinking.Conducive to the cultivation of innovative talents.And STEM education provides unlimited possibilities for the development of design thinking in terms of teaching concept,environment,content and learning form.Therefore,the development of students’ design thinking based on STEM education will not only help improve students’ problem-solving skills but also promote the cultivation of innovative talents.Based on this,this article takes "the construction and application of STEM teaching model to promote the development of primary school students’ design thinking" as the research theme,and focuses on the "student-centered" teaching model of "project-based learning(PBL)" and "design-based learning".Under the guidance of the "design as the core" teaching method,we insist that teaching is the basic idea of combining the "teaching"of teachers with the "learning" of students.On the basis of the design thinking process,it is closely linked to STEM.Curriculum teaching experience has conducted in-depth exploration around the core issue of "how to develop elementary school students’ design thinking based on STEM education",trying to find an effective teaching model for developing design thinking in STEM education,and initially obtained some research findings.First of all,this paper combs the research status of design thinking and STEM education through the literature research method,mainly involving the process mode of design thinking,development practice,measurement evaluation and other thinking ability development in STEM education practice exploration and research progress,STEM education implementation Models and methods to find out the teaching model that predecessors have proven to be helpful to the development of design thinking and suitable for STEM education-project-based learning(PBL).Secondly,explore the relationship between "Stanford University introduces K-12 stage design thinking process mode:understanding,observation,viewpoint,conception,prototype,testing" and "project-based learning(PBL)implementation process:project selection,plan making,activity exploration,achievement exchange,activity evaluation",so as to make the development of design thinking throughout the project learning process.Then,the "reverse thinking model" and the "design-based scientific inquiry double-loop model" in design-based learning(DBL)are used to guide the "teaching" of teachers and the "learning" of students in classroom teaching,thereby constructing a STEM teaching model for the development of design thinking.Finally,using the STEM teaching model oriented to the development of design thinking,the STEM course "Bridge Engineering—Bridge Design and Construction" was designed in terms of teaching objects,content,goals,resources,activities and evaluations,and it was carried out in Shenzhen H Primary School Teaching practice.At the same time,through design thinking test questions,interview method and classroom observation method,the design thinking of students before and after participating in the teaching is evaluated,and the results prove that this model helps to develop students’ design thinking.