| Chinese cities have experienced more than 40 years of reform and opening up.With the rise of national economic strength and in the context of building a well-off society in an all-round way,paying attention to the needs of people with disabilities in vulnerable groups has become one of the priorities of government work.Sociology,economics,management and other disciplines have carried out a large number of studies on people with disabilities,while the geographical field is still relatively weak in the relevant research on people with disabilities.Taking Changzhou as the sample area,the spatial distribution characteristics of people with disabilities and the accessibility of relevant public service resource points are explored,which can make up for the deficiency of spatial analysis theory and empirical research in the field of disability geography.people with disabilities still has many difficulties in employment,rehabilitation,education and other aspects.Therefore,to pay attention to the difficulties of people with disabilities in these aspects reflects the sense of responsibility and humanistic care of human geography for the disadvantaged groups.In this study,the spatial distribution characteristics of people with disabilities in terms of gender,age,disability category,disability grade and education level was studied by density statistics and population proportion ratio.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)Tianning District and Zhonglou District,the two core urban areas,have the highest density of people with disabilities,while township areas have a low density of people with disabilities.(2)The proportion of male people with disabilities is generally higher than that of female,and the proportion of male people with disabilities in rural areas is higher.(3)people with disabilities is mainly in the working age group,followed by the elderly people with disabilities.The proportion of people with disabilities in the working age group is high in urban areas.(4)The proportion of physically handicapped people is the highest,and the proportion of physically handicapped people increases significantly in areas dominated by the secondary industry,while the proportion of physically handicapped people in urban areas is relatively low.(5)The education level of people with disabilities is mainly primary school education and junior high school education.The education level of people with disabilities in the core urban areas is higher,and the proportion of people with disabilities with senior high school education or above is higher than that of senior high school,while the education level of people with disabilities in township areas such as Liyang is generally low.In this study,the spatial distribution characteristics of public service resources related to people with disabilities was studied by using the density statistics of employment positions,rehabilitation service places and compulsory education places of people with disabilities,as well as the proportion of employment,rehabilitation and compulsory education of people with disabilities.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)The employment density of people with disabilities gradually decreases from the two core urban areas of Zhonglou District and Tianning District to the periphery.The employment density of people with disabilities in the northern part of Xinbei District and most streets in the eastern part of Wujin District is relatively low.There is still a gap between the employment positions of people with disabilities in Zhonglou District and Tianning District to meet the needs of people with disabilities in this region,and the imbalance between supply and demand is prominent.(2)Rehabilitation resources for people with disabilities are also concentrated in the two core urban areas of Zhonglou District and Tianning District,among which the density of rehabilitation places for people with disabilities is relatively low in Liyang City,the northern part of Xinbei District,the southern and eastern parts of Wujin District,and most parts of Jintan District.Among them,most towns of Liyang City,Hengshanqiao and Henglin towns of Wujin District,Xinbei District Xinqiao and Niutang towns not only have the least number of rehabilitation places for people with disabilities,but also have the lowest proportion of people with disabilities receiving rehabilitation services.(3)The density of compulsory education places for people with disabilities decreases from the core urban areas to the north and south ends.In terms of the proportion of people with disabilities in the compulsory education age group receiving compulsory education,the overall situation of people with disabilities in the compulsory education age group receiving compulsory education is relatively good,and the proportion gap between different streets is not particularly huge,which can basically guarantee the people with disabilities in the compulsory education age group receiving education.The two-step Gauss moving search method adopted in this study is based on the supply-demand model to analyze the accessibility of public service resources related to people with disabilities in Changzhou.It is found that there are significant differences in accessibility of public service resources related to people with disabilities between urban and rural areas,and the following conclusions are drawn:(1)Areas with high accessibility to people with disabilities are usually areas with high density of people with disabilities.(2)The core urban areas with a high density of people with disabilities in the employment age group have a low employment proportion and low employment accessibility,which reflects a serious imbalance in the employment supply-demand ratio of people with disabilities in the core urban areas.Employment has become the first problem that people with disabilities needs to solve.The accessibility to employment of people with disabilities is also low due to traffic problems in rural areas.(3)The proportion of people with disabilities receiving rehabilitation services is higher in urban areas than in rural areas,which is basically consistent with the characteristics of rehabilitation accessibility.Traffic causes and the imbalance between supply and demand are the two main reasons for the low rehabilitation accessibility in rural areas.(4)The proportion of people with disabilities in the compulsory education age group receiving compulsory education is balanced relative to employment and rehabilitation.Most people with disabilities in the compulsory education age group can receive good education,but different from the ratio of supply and demand,traffic is still the main obstacle for people with disabilities in the compulsory education age group in towns and towns.On the whole,the employment accessibility of people with disabilities is the most prominent problem,and there is an obvious imbalance between supply and demand within urban areas.The supply and demand of employment positions and transportation problems need to be paid more attention to in both urban areas and towns.The second problem is the accessibility of rehabilitation and education for people with disabilities.Although the supply and demand situation in urban areas is relatively good,the supply and demand problem in rural areas is prominent,and the traffic problem is severe. |
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