American Policy Research On The Reform Of The Japanese School Education System From 1945 To 1952

After the end of the Second World War,the United States occupied Japan alone.In order to eliminate Japan’s fascist militarism,eliminate Japan’s strategic threat to the United States,and prevent Japan from launching a new world war again,the United States implemented a series of reform policies against Japan.There is no doubt that such a transformation is beneficial to the security and peace of the United States and the world.In the first two years of occupation of Japan,the US government adopted a severe reform policy on Japan’s domestic politics and economy.At the same time,in order to remove the militarism and ultra-nationalism of the Japanese,realize the demilitarization and democratization of Japan,build a peaceful and responsible Japanese government that supports the free will of the Japanese people,and instill American democratic ideas in the Japanese.To influence and change the way of thinking and lifestyle of Japanese people and to reshape the Japanese society.The US government implemented a series of "re-education activities" for Japanese people."Re-education activities" are mainly realized through news media propaganda,movies,school education and other fields,covering the entire cultural education system.The main issue discussed in this article is the reform of the Japanese school education by the United States.Because School education is one of the most important means in “re-education activities”.On the one hand,it is very necessary to re-educate and reshape the Japanese who have experienced a generation of wars.On the other hand,educating the next generation of Japanese is also extremely important for the future development of Japan.This article analyzes a large number of related books,declassified archives and other research results,trying to sort out the formation,implementation and adjustment of the reform policy of the Japanese school education system in the United States before and after the outbreak of the Cold War,and explore the goals to be achieved by this reform policy and the policies in different periods.,Characteristics,and finally analyze the impact of this reform policy on the United States and Japan.Taking the outbreak of the Cold War as the boundary,this article discusses the two stages before and after the reform of the Japanese education system by the United States.The thesis has four parts.The first part discusses the background of the reform of the Japanese school education system by the US government.First of all,after the end of World War II,the United States carried out a separate occupation and democratization of Japan,and it was in this context that the United States carried out the transformation of the Japanese school education system.Secondly,in the eyes of the Americans,the image of the Japanese has undergone some changes,from “barbaric subhumans” to “children in need of guidance”.At the same time,in the eyes of the United States,the militarist education tradition of modern Japan is an important factor supporting Japan’s war.Therefore,this is also an important factor that must be reformed in the Japanese school education system.In the second part of the article,from 1945 to 1947,the US government’s proposal,implementation and characteristics of Japan’s school education system reform policy before the Cold War will be discussed.At this stage,in order to eliminate the militarism and ultra-nationalism in the Japanese ideology,the United States not only reformed the traditional Japanese educational thoughts,but also carried out changes to the school’s teaching system,including school teachers,courses,textbooks,etc.The third part of the article will discuss the reform of the Japanese school education system by the United States from 1948 to 1952 after the outbreak of the Cold War.At this time,the United States no longer transforms Japan as an enemy country,but is trying to turn Japan from an enemy into an ally.It will eliminate the militarism and ultra-nationalism in Japan to eliminate the influence of communism in Japan,and then build Japan.Become the United States’ anti-communist bastion in the Far East.In order to achieve this goal,on the one hand,the United States worked hard to eliminate the influence of communism on the field of Japanese teachers.On the other hand,it granted the right to review textbooks to the Japanese Ministry of Education.The fourth part of the article is about the impact of the reform of the Japanese school education system by the United States.By discussing the reform policy of the Japanese school education system by the United States during the occupation period,it is believed that the reform policy had a certain impact on both the United States and Japan.First,it discusses the influence on Japan.Secondly,it discusses the influence on the United States.