Research On Basic Education Reform In Tuo City, Kochi County, Japan

Being the foundation of national education, elementary education which is also the foundation of personnel training and national competitiveness is one of the components of national education system. Facing the increasingly competition of overall national strength, all the countries in the world focus on education, especially on the elementary education, in the competition. In the21th century, to reply to the change of the domestic and international political and economic situation, Japan, known to education all the time, put forward the reform strategy of elementary education, playing a part in resolving the declining of students’ability of study due to the policy of permissive education, which is worthy of our reference. At the same time, the new reform trends of elementary education in new century in Japan also appeared, that is, advocating the union among schools, the cooperation between schools and communities and between schools and family, in order to construct learning community, and to promote the regeneration and the development of school education. Each autonomous body also started to explore with their local featured reform model of basic education according to their own situation, which formed their own characteristics and enriched the connotation of school development through stimulating their internal vitality of schools. Tosa, Kochi’s began to explore the education reform model where the relevant subject including educators, parents, area residents and researchers took part together from the end of last century. Aiming at the problems of education, taking measures such as "creating open school","teaching evaluation system","creating consistent system of high schools" and so on which promoted flexibility in school’s management, and strengthen the cooperation among schools and families or communities, playing an important role in improving teachers’ instruction and students academic level. Based on the perspective of educational administrative local decentralization, this study explores Tosa, Kochi’s elementary education reform, and summarizes its characteristics and experience, hoping to provide some reference for the reform and development of basic education in china.First, the proposing of basic idea of the awareness of the problem, significance, methods and research, and the review of domestic and foreign relevant literature. On this basis, four conceptions are defined, including "basic education","localization ","education decentralization","education reform".The second, Sort out the development of basic education in Japan since these three periods including after the Second World War-in twentieth Century60, twentieth Century70years-90years, and after the21th century. And grasp the real background of basic education reform of21th century in Japan. laborate the background of the reform of Tosa, Kochi’s elementary education from the reform of educational administrative decentralization, the current situation of education centered on "academic" problem, and the closure of educational administration and so on. Next, analyze the idea of the reform of Tosa, Kochi’s elementary education in the background. Summary the reform measures of Tosa, Kochi’s elementary education. This is also the key part of this study. Firstly, discuss generally the main contents of the reform of Tosa, Kochi’s elementary education from four aspects. Secondly, discuss the main measures of the reform of Tosa, Kochi’s elementary education and corresponding practice cases of schools’reform.The third,evaluate the achievements and problems of the reform of Tosa, Kochi’s elementary education through above elaboration of reform’s contents and measures.The last,Summary the characteristics of the Tosa’s basic education reform based on the above. Put forward some suggestions for the developments of Chinese reform of elementary education benefited from the experience of the reform through the study of the reform of Tosa, Kochi’s elementary education.