Influence Of Balance Training On Morphology And Exercise Performance Of Neuromuscular Junction In Aged Mice

Objective: Neuromuscular junction is the chemical synapse connecting motor neuron and muscle fiber,which is the key part of motor neuron controlling skeletal muscle contraction.Neuromuscular junctions may undergo degenerative changes with aging,manifested as morphological fragmentation and overall functional decline.The morphological integrity of the neuromuscular joint is the premise of its normal function.Because of its plasticity,it is able to produce adaptive changes to movement.Balance training has been shown to improve neurological dysfunction.Therefore,this study sought to explore the specific effects of balance training on the morphologies of neuromuscular junctions in the elderly.Methods: This study used experimental method to verify the specific training effect of balance training on improving the morphologic existence of neuromuscular junctions in the elderly.Twenty-four 10-week-old C57BL/6J mice were selected as the experimental subjects in this study and randomly divided into normal control group,elderly control group and elderly exercise group.16 mice in the elderly group were selected D-galactose to prepare the aging model.A balance beam with a length of 200 cm and a width of 0.4cm,0.8cm and 1.2cm was used as the experimental device to conduct balance training intervention 5 times a week for 8 weeks in the elderly exercise group.At the end of the 8-week balance training intervention,the paired sample T test was used to analyze the motor performance before and after the experiment,i.e.balance ability and fast strength ability.One-way analysis of variance(LSD)was used to analyze the staining area,total area,staining perimeter,total perimeter,balance ability and fast strength of neuromuscular joints.Results:1.Balance training could inhibit the morphological fragmentation of neuromuscular connectors in aged mice,and significantly reduce the diffusion degree of acetylcholine receptor,stained area and total area,stained perimeter and total perimeter in aged exercise group.2.Balance training can improve the expression of acetylcholine receptor in neuromuscular connectors.The fluorescence intensity of acetylcholine receptor in the elderly exercise group was significantly different from that in the elderly control group(P<0.01),but there was no statistical difference between the exercise group and the normal control group.3.Balance training can improve the fast strength of the aged mice.The fast strength of the aged exercise group was significantly different from that of the old control group(P<0.01),but there was no statistical difference between the old exercise group and the normal control group.4.Balance training can improve the balance ability of the aged mice,and there is a significant difference between the elderly exercise group and the old control group(P<0.01),but there is no statistical difference between the exercise group and the normal control group.Conclusion:1.The balance training can reduce elderly mice neuromuscular joint postsynaptic acetylcholine receptor discrete degree,can improve the acetylcholine receptor expression in neuromuscular connection,that balance training can improve neuromuscular connection broken degree,and can inhibit the neuromuscular joint function drops due to age.2.Balance training can improve the motor performance of the elderly mice related to neuromuscular connectors.The fast strength of the elderly exercise group was increased by1.3 times compared with the elderly control group.Compared with the control group,the balance ability of the elderly exercise group increased by 14 times on average,indicating that the balance training has a positive training effect on improving the decline of the aging sports performance.