A Study On The Evolution Of “Brain Korea 21^st Century Project” From The Perspective Of Multiple Streams Theory

Since the 1990s,with the increasingly fierce competition of economic globalization,the competition for innovative talents had begun.As the intellectual support of national development,higher education plays an increasingly prominent role in improving international competitiveness and international status.The governments of various countries and regions have successively issued a series of policies and measures for the development of higher education in order to enhance the scientific research ability and talent training quality of their universities to promote their universities to gain a place in the international university rankings.As an East Asian country upholding the concept of"building a country through education",the government of the Republic of Korea renamed the former Ministry of education and human resources and the Ministry of science and technology of the Republic of Korea as the Ministry of education of the Republic of Korea,and took"education first"as the basic strategy for innovation,technology and development in economic society.After Jin Yongsan’s Wen Min government,Korea has gone through the succession of successive Presidents such as Kim Dae-jung,Lu Wuxuan,Lee Myung-bak,Pu Jinhui,Moon Jae-in.But training high-level technical talents in the state-of-the-art technology industry,strengthening the quality of graduate education,and building world-class universities have been the core issue of Korean economic and social development and higher education reform.The"Brain Korea 21^st Century Project"implemented since 1999 is the most influential and longest lasting representative policy of the Korean government to build a world-class university.This study takes the"Brain Korea 21^st Century Project"（hereinafter referred to as‘BK21 Project’policy）and its change process as the research object,follows the working idea of combining descriptive research and explanatory research,and consults and grasps the official data published by the South Korean Ministry of education,the South Korean national research foundation,the South Korean Institute of education development,the South Korean education statistics service system and other websites,Using the method of literature research,this paper makes a more in-depth study on the policy of"BK21 Project"in South Korea.Starting from the research on the change process of each stage of‘BK21 Project’policy,according to the four stages of‘BK21 Project’policy,and using scientific research methods such as historical analysis and literature method,this paper combines‘BK21Project’policy with John W.Kingdom’s multi-source flow theoretical research framework,starting from the three dimensions of problem source,policy source and political source respectively,This paper analyzes the dynamic factors of the policy change and the process of smoothly opening the policy window,so as to provide a new perspective for improving the policy agenda setting of China’s world-class universities.The study found that the source of the problem is mainly aimed at the abnormality of important indicators to measure international competitiveness,accompanied by the feedback of relevant policies.Although the scale of higher education has increased sharply,its quality is worrying,and the ability of education,teaching and scientific research needs to be improved.The policy source consists of the suggestions of the policy community including government departments,experts and scholars,the softening activities of policy entrepreneurs in launching and publishing articles,putting forward proposals and special seminars,and the accumulation of the implementation effect of local governments and central governments.The political origin is composed of the ideas of successive ruling parties and the changes of national mood.The three sources develop continuously,influence and interact with each other,and finally realize the confluence of the three sources,which promotes the South Korean"BK21project"policy to continuously adapt to the background of economic and social development and realize the dynamic change of the policy.From this,we can get the Enlightenment of Chinese"double first-class"construction from the perspective of multi-source flow theory:pay attention to the source of problems,accurately locate the direction of policy development,formulate scientific policy evaluation standards,timely feedback the effect of policy implementation on the information disclosure platform,and ensure the transparency of policy information.Sort out the origin of policies,correctly select the best policy scheme,pay attention to the fairness of resource allocation,and narrow the gap between regional development.Relying on the political origin,we should create a positive atmosphere of public opinion,give play to the leading role of the government,broaden the information feedback channels of the public,and enhance the participation of the public in policies.