Analysis On The Use Of Policy Tools For The Balanced Development Of Compulsory Education ——Based On The Policy Text From 1978 To 2021

Compulsory education is an important part of our country’s education.Whether its development is balanced and how effective the reform is will be directly related to the construction and development of the national education system.Educational policy tools refer to the specific means and methods embodied in educational policy texts by the main body of power represented by the government to resolve educational issues or bring about some goals in education policy.Since the reform and opening up,the central authority has encouraged the progress of compulsory education by promulgating a series of policies.Although these policies have made some effects in encouraging the balanced development of compulsory education,the methods and means of managing compulsory education still need to be further improved.Combining the policy tool theories of Ingram and Schneider and Mac Donald and Elmore,this paper divides educational policy tools into authoritative tools,incentive tools,capacity building tools,system transformation tools and persuasive tools.It constructs a three-dimensional analysis framework with the dimension of policy tools as the main axis and policy release time and policy content as the auxiliary axes,selects 123 policy texts issued at the national level from 1978 to 2021 as research samples,and uses historical research methods,content analysis methods and systems analysis methods.To analyze the policy tools for the balanced development of compulsory education in my country.The study found that in the process of time evolution of my country’s compulsory education balanced development policy,the use of policy tools is embodied as authoritative tools play a leading role,capacity building and exhortation tools maintain a growth trend,incentive tools continue to transform and systematic Transformative tools are underused.In terms of policy content,policy tools are widely used in the policy of balanced development of compulsory education,among which the compulsory education quality policy uses policy tools the most,the frequency of use of compulsory education funding policy and teacher policy is not much different,and the frequency of use of compulsory education system policy least.In general,the characteristics of the policy of balanced development of compulsory education from the perspective of policy tools are as follows: there are structural differences in the use of policy tools;the choice of policy tools basically meets the development needs of policies,and the primary and secondary use of policy tools varies with policy changes.The orientation of policy tools is comprehensive,showing a diversified and uneven distribution.In order to optimize the use of policy tools for the balanced development of compulsory education in the future,this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions: first,improve the policy system and provide a stable environment for the use of policy tools;second,expand the applicable objects of policy tools and pay attention to the compulsory education of disadvantaged groups;third,optimize the combination of policy tools and flexibly exert the multiple effects of policy tools.