A Study On The History And Trend Of Balanced Development Of Compulsory Education Based On The View Of Education Policy

As the cornerstone of education equity, the balanced development of education isan idealistic situation raised for the purpose of eliminating the unfairness in education.Due to a number of reasons in history and reality, imbalance problems in certainextents have existed in the education financing, teaching conditions, faculty force andmany other aspects of China’s compulsory education. Therefore, the governmentwould ensure, via certain laws, regulations and policies, the rights and obligations forcitizens and future citizens to be educated equally, and provide the opportunities andconditions for the relative balance of education by the formulation and adjustment ofpolicies, and the allocation of resources.In this thesis we have applied the methods of bibliographical studying andtheoretical research, from the viewpoint of education policies, in the retrospection ofChina’s history in compulsory education balance since the founding of New China,the analysis of trends in compulsory education development balance, and the proposalof forward-looking suggestions for future education policy making.The thesis is composed of for parts, the first of which is the Introduction thatbriefs the purpose and significance of the thesis and defines the important conceptsmentioned in the thesis. The Introduction part also summarizes the status-quo of thetopic studied, so as to clarify the current progress of this study in Chinese academia.The second part of the thesis focuses on the analysis and explanation of theorigin and basis of Balanced Development of Education. This has further derived therelated theories for the balanced development of compulsory education, and therelation of the development balance and policies of education, which lays thetheoretical foundation for later chapters.The third part is the main body of the thesis, which describes the historicalprocess of China’s balanced development of compulsory education according to 3phases, namely the phases before, during and after the Cultural Revolution, makingup a process starting with the founding of New China. Selective retrospection andsorting of the policies for compulsory education in each phase are presented, with thesummarization of the effects of the policies’gradual orientation on the balanceddevelopment of education, hence presenting the author’s reflection on China’s education policy.The fourth part of the thesis presents the analysis and determination of the trendsof the balanced development of China’s compulsory education. It provides referencesto the education policies in the future by summarizing the experiences and lessonswith regard to the reflection indicated in the third part.The history is a mirror. By looking back into the history of China’s compulsoryeducation from the aspect of policies, understanding the trends and orientation ofeducation development, and analyzing the great impacts of policies on educationpractice, recommendations on the adjustment of policies on the balanced developmentof compulsory education, together with the forward-looking suggestions on theformulation of future development policies for the benefits of compulsory educationbalance, could be drawn out, so as to facilitate the optimized and equalizeddevelopment of compulsory education.