Study On The Influence Mechanism Of Housing Status And Income Level On Status Identification ——An Empirical Analysis Based On CGSS 2003-2018 Data

Social stratum differentiation is not only an objective fact,but also reflects the subjective psychological status of social members to a certain extent.However,social members’ perception of their own stratum status may not match their objective socioeconomic status.Compared with objective stratification,stratification identification based on "subjective construction" has a higher degree of explanation for social stratification,and can dynamically show the logic and order of social stratification through individuals’ perception and understanding of social structure.In previous studies on status identification,objective structural indicators such as income are often used as the core factors to interpret people’s identity.However,housing,as a spatial entity with rich connotations,has been increasingly used as a medium to examine people’s status identification in recent years,and the academic circle has shown a shift from labor market to housing market.The purpose of this study is to explore how Chinese urban residents perceive their status identification,how it changes,and what are the relevant influencing factors and mechanism.Specifically,based on CGSS 2003-2018 data,this study mainly discusses the impact of income factors and housing factors on status identification of Urban residents in China through multiple regression and other quantitative research methods,and quantitatively analyzes the explanatory contribution rate of income factors and housing factors to status identification.Relevant conclusions are as follows.First,the status identification of urban residents in China shows an obvious feature of "downward shift",that is,a relatively high proportion of residents who think they are below the middle stratum of society.Meanwhile,over time,the proportion of residents who consider themselves in the lower middle stratum has decreased,while the proportion of residents who consider themselves in the middle stratum has increased.This indicates that the social stratum structure of China’s cities and towns may present a trend of transition from "pyramid" to "bell".Second,except for a few periods,housing factors and income factors have a significant positive impact on status identification,which is shown as follows :（1）the stratum identity of residents with housing property rights is higher;（2）Residents with higher per capita housing area have higher status identification;（3）Residents with higher personal income level have higher identity.However,in most periods,the regression interaction term of housing factor and income factor is not significant,which indicates that the influence of housing factor and income factor on status identification may be independent,and housing inequality is not the extension of income inequality in the housing field.Thirdly,based on the calculation and decomposition of Sharply values,this study found that the degree of housing as an explanation for status identification decreased first and then increased compared to income.Combined with the above conclusions,this study believes that in the current Chinese society,the wealth stratification order based on housing is being established,and to some extent,the impact of the inequality stemming from the labor market on the social stratification order is weakened,and housing is increasingly becoming the dynamic mechanism of stratum differentiation.